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Research

Incidence and cohort prevalence for autism spectrum disorders in the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland and Labrador

Lorine Pelly, Cathy Vardy, Bridget Fernandez, Leigh Anne Newhook and Roger Chafe
July 29, 2015 3 (3) E276-E280; DOI: https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20140056
Lorine Pelly
Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Pelly), Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Discipline of Pediatrics (Vardy, Newhook, Chafe), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL; Discipline of Genetics (Fernandez), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
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Cathy Vardy
Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Pelly), Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Discipline of Pediatrics (Vardy, Newhook, Chafe), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL; Discipline of Genetics (Fernandez), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
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Bridget Fernandez
Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Pelly), Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Discipline of Pediatrics (Vardy, Newhook, Chafe), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL; Discipline of Genetics (Fernandez), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
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Leigh Anne Newhook
Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Pelly), Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Discipline of Pediatrics (Vardy, Newhook, Chafe), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL; Discipline of Genetics (Fernandez), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
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Roger Chafe
Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Pelly), Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Discipline of Pediatrics (Vardy, Newhook, Chafe), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL; Discipline of Genetics (Fernandez), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
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    Table 1: Characteristics of patients with a diagnosis of ASD, aged 0–14 yr, living in the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland and Labrador
    CharacteristicNo. of patients (%)
    n = 272
    Sex
    Male234 (86.0)
    Female38 (14.0)
    Age at diagnosis, yr
    0 < 10 (0.0)
    1 < 210 (3.7)
    2 < 377 (28.3)
    3 < 457 (21.0)
    4 < 533 (12.1)
    5 < 743 (15.8)
    7 < 1144 (16.2)
    11 < 158 (2.9)
    Specific diagnosis
    ASD74 (27.2)
    AD130 (47.8)
    Asperger syndrome56 (20.6)
    PDD-NOS12 (4.4)
    Autism diagnostic observational schedule
    Yes269 (98.9)
    No3 (1.1)
    Autism diagnostic observational schedule module (n = 269)
    I112 (41.6)
    II75 (27.9)
    III82 (30.5)
    IV0 (0.0)
    Genetics referral
    Yes193 (71.0)
    No1 (0.4)
    Unknown78 (28.6)
    Neuroimaging
    Yes79 (29.0)
    No185 (68.0)
    Unknown8 (3.0)
    Provincial autism program referral
    Yes195 (71.7)
    No75 (27.6)
    Unknown2 (0.7)
    Seizures14 (5.1)
    Birthmarks14 (5.1)
    Congenital anomalies16 (5.9)
    Developmental regression23 (8.5)
    Behavioural issues28 (10.3)
    Dietary restrictions or issues17 (6.3)
    Sleep disturbance13 (4.8)
    GI symptomatology12 (4.4)
    Anxiety25 (9.2)
    OCD9 (3.3)
    Depression0 (0.00)
    ADHD27 (9.9)
    Other19 (7.0)

    Note: AD = autistic disorder, ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ASD = autism spectrum disorder, GI = gastrointestinal, OCD = obsessive compulsive, PDD-NOS = persuasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified.

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      Table 2: Number of new ASD diagnoses in patients aged 0–14 yr in the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland and Labrador
      YearNo. of cases
      n = 272
      Incidence per 10 000 population (95% CI)
      20064010.1 (7.2−13.7)
      20075012.7 (9.4−16.7)
      20085413.7 (10.3−17.8)
      20096215.7 (12.0−20.1)
      20106616.7 (12.9−21.3)

      Note: Denominator = 39 498 (average of census populations in 2006 and 2011).

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      CMAJ Open: 3 (3)
      Vol. 3, Issue 3
      17 Jul 2015
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      Incidence and cohort prevalence for autism spectrum disorders in the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland and Labrador
      Lorine Pelly, Cathy Vardy, Bridget Fernandez, Leigh Anne Newhook, Roger Chafe
      Jul 2015, 3 (3) E276-E280; DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20140056

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      Incidence and cohort prevalence for autism spectrum disorders in the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland and Labrador
      Lorine Pelly, Cathy Vardy, Bridget Fernandez, Leigh Anne Newhook, Roger Chafe
      Jul 2015, 3 (3) E276-E280; DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20140056
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