1. What are values, preferences, perceptions, attitudes and beliefs of children and adolescents with obesity and their caregivers regarding the benefits and harms (in the context of important health-related outcomes) of obesity management strategies? | Systematic review | Any | NA | NA |
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Children, adolescents and parents Sex, gender Ethnicity, culture, SES Typical v. atypical growth and development (physical or cognitive delay or disability)
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2. What tools, processes and procedures are recommended by expert groups for the clinical assessment of children and adolescents with obesity? What are the gaps in the existing guidelines? | Scoping review, with stakeholder consultation | Any | NA | NA |
Edmonton Obesity Staging System for Pediatrics, (23) including the 4 Ms (metabolic health, mental health, mechanical health and social milieu)
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Children, adolescents, and parents Sex, gender Ethnicity, culture, SES Typical v. atypical growth and maturation (physical or cognitive delay or disability) Communication and terminology Weight bias and stigma Screening, enrolment and follow-up
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3. Among children and adolescents with obesity, what is the effect of psychological and behavioural change interventions (see Appendix 1 for definition) on health outcomes deemed important to stakeholders, including families, clinicians and researchers? | Systematic review and meta-analysis | Randomized controlled trials | Any nonactive (e.g., wait-list control) or active (e.g., standard care) alternative management strategies | Immediate post and longest follow-up (closest to 12 mo) |
Anthropometry (e.g., body weight, BMI, WC) Cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g., blood pressure, insulin resistance, HDL-C) Outcomes reported by patients or proxies (caregivers) (e.g., anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life) Adverse events
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4. Among children and adolescents with obesity, what is the effect of pharmacotherapeutic interventions on health outcomes deemed important to stakeholders, including families, clinicians and researchers? | Systematic review and meta-analysis | Randomized controlled trials | Any nonactive (e.g., wait list control) or active (e.g., standard care) alternative management strategies | Immediate post and longest follow-up (closest to 12 mo) |
Anthropometry (e.g., body weight, BMI, WC) Cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g., blood pressure, insulin resistance, HDL-C) Outcomes reported by patients or proxies (caregivers) (e.g., anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life) Adverse events
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5. Among children and adolescents with obesity, what is the effect of bariatric surgery interventions on health outcomes deemed important to stakeholders, including families, clinicians and researchers? | Systematic review and meta-analysis | Randomized controlled trials, prospective or retrospective cohort studies and other observational studies | Any nonactive (e.g., wait list control) or active (e.g., standard care) alternative management strategies | For the weight outcomes up to 12 mo; 18-mo and longest follow-up; for other outcomes up to 18 mo |
Anthropometry (e.g., body weight, BMI, WC) Cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g., blood pressure, insulin resistance, HDL-C) Outcomes reported by patients or proxies (caregivers) (e.g., anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life) Adverse events
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