The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
the underlying cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has led to a worldwide …

The host innate immune response mediated by type I interferon (IFN) and the resulting up-regulation
of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) provide an immediate barrier to …

The type I interferon response protects cells against invading viral pathogens. The cellular
factors that mediate this defence are the products of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). …

HIV-1 replication can be inhibited by type I interferon (IFN), and the expression of a number
of gene products with anti-HIV-1 activity is induced by type I IFN 1 , 2 . However, none of the …

Genome sequencing has been widely deployed to study the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 with
more than 90,000 genome sequences uploaded to the GISAID database. We published a …

INTRODUCTION Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that are rapidly deployed in response to
invading pathogens. By initiating a signaling cascade that stimulates the expression of …

The tetherin/BST2/CD317 protein blocks the release of HIV-1 and other enveloped viruses
by inducing tethering of nascent particles to infected cell surfaces. The HIV-1 Vpu protein …

Remdesivir (RDV), a broadly acting nucleoside analogue, is the only FDA approved small
molecule antiviral for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. To date, there are no reports …

The antiretroviral restriction factor TRIM5 has recently emerged as an important mediator of
innate immunity and species-specific inhibition of retroviral replication in mammals. …

Interferons (IFNs) exert their anti-viral effects by inducing the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated
genes (ISGs). The activity of known ISGs is insufficient to account for the …