SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) are more transmissible and may have the potential
for increased disease severity and decreased vaccine effectiveness. We estimated the …

Importance The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including among individuals who have
received 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine, increased substantially following the emergence of …

Objective To estimate the effectiveness of mRNA covid-19 vaccines against symptomatic
infection and severe outcomes (hospital admission or death). Design Test negative design …

Background Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) can vary by type and subtype. Over the
past decade, the test-negative design has emerged as a valid method for estimation of VE. In …

Recent studies have provided insights into innate and adaptive immune dynamics in
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the exact features of antibody responses that …

Background. During the 2012–2013 influenza season, there was cocirculation of influenza A(H3N2)
and 2 influenza B lineage viruses in the United States. Methods. Patients with acute …

The effect of prior influenza vaccination history on vaccine effectiveness was assessed in a
community cohort over 8 seasons. Current- and previous-season vaccination generated …

Introduction: Studies in the 1970s and 1980s signaled concern that repeated influenza
vaccination could affect vaccine protection. The antigenic distance hypothesis provided a …

Twenty-four-hour dietary recalls provide high-quality intake data but have been prohibitively
expensive for large epidemiologic studies. This study's goal was to assess whether the web-…

As of August 2020, the United States is the global epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Emerging data suggests that “essential” workers, who are disproportionately more likely to be …