Characteristics of patients by sex
| Characteristic | No. (%) of patients* | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men n = 184 | Women n = 151 | ||
| Index patient | 157 (85.3) | 131 (86.8) | 0.7¶ |
| Age at registration, mean ± SD, yr | 48 ± 14 | 52 ± 17 | 0.01** |
| Age at diagnosis, mean ± SD, yr | 37 ± 15 (n = 178) | 43 ± 17 (n = 146) | 0.001** |
| Smoker | 21 (11.5) (n = 183) | 10 (6.6) | 0.3¶ |
| Hypertension | 42 (22.8) | 33 (22.0) (n = 150) | 0.9¶ |
| Diabetes | 20 (10.9) | 13 (8.6) | 0.5¶ |
| CAD | 68 (37.0) | 29 (19.2) | < 0.001¶ |
| Tendon xanthomas | 49 (26.6) | 31 (20.5) | 0.2¶ |
| Receiving lipid-lowering therapy at registration | 155 (84.2) | 100 (66.2) | < 0.001¶ |
| Family history of CAD | 126 (70.8) (n = 178) | 112 (75.2) (n = 149) | 0.4¶ |
| Family history of dyslipidemia | 161 (91.0) (n = 177) | 122 (87.1) (n = 140) | 0.4¶ |
| NGS full FH DNA testing† | 126 (68.5) | 103 (68.2) | 1.0¶ |
| Self-reported ethnicity | |||
| European | 139 (79.4) (n = 175) | 118 (84.9) (n = 139) | 0.2¶ |
| French-Canadian descent | 97 (55.4) (n = 175) | 75 (54.0) (n = 139) | 0.8¶ |
| Middle Eastern | 17 (9.7) (n = 175) | 8 (5.8) (n = 139) | 0.2¶ |
| Southeast Asian | 6 (3.4) (n = 175) | 3 (2.2) (n = 139) | 0.5¶ |
| African/African American | 4 (2.3) (n = 175) | 3 (2.2) (n = 139) | 0.9¶ |
| Latin American | 2 (1.1) (n = 175) | 2 (1.4) (n = 139) | 0.8¶ |
| Other or mixed ethnicity | 7 (4.0) (n = 175) | 5 (3.6) | 0.8¶ |
| Lipid profile at registration | |||
| Total cholesterol level, mean ± SD, mmol/L | 5.29 ± 2.19 | 6.26 ± 2.14 | < 0.001** |
| LDL cholesterol level, mean ± SD, mmol/L | 3.21 ± 1.94 | 4.10 ± 2.09(n = 182) | < 0.001** |
| Triglyceride level, median (Q1–Q3), mmol/L | 1.36 (0.98–2.22) | 1.24 (1.00–1.96) | 0.2†† |
| HDL cholesterol level, mean ± SD, mmol/L | 1.20 ± 0.29 | 1.44 ± 0.40 | < 0.001** |
| Apolipoprotein B level, mean ± SD, g/L | 1.09 ± 0.47 (n = 161) | 1.31 ± 0.48 (n = 129) | < 0.001** |
| Lipoprotein(a) level, median (Q1–Q3), mg/L | 354 (124–916) (n = 152) | 342 (143–859) (n = 119) | 1.0†† |
| Untreated lipid profile‡ | |||
| Total cholesterol level, mean ± SD, mmol/L | 9.01 ± 1.80 (n = 152) | 8.98 ± 1.70 (n = 136) | 0.9** |
| LDL cholesterol level, mean ± SD, mmol/L§ | 7.11 ± 1.81 | 6.77 ± 1.74 | 0.09** |
| Triglyceride level, median (Q1–Q3), mmol/L | 1.75 (1.19–2.39) (n = 151) | 1.49 (1.91–2.26) (n = 130) | 0.02†† |
| HDL cholesterol level, mean ± SD, mmol/L | 1.16 ± 0.26 (n = 151) | 1.44 ± 0.39 (n = 133) | < 0.001** |
| Apolipoprotein B level, mean ± SD, g/L | 1.97 ± 0.53 (n = 74) | 1.82 ± 0.44 (n = 61) | 0.09** |
Note: CAD = coronary artery disease, FH = familial hypercholesterolemia, HDL = high-density lipoprotein, LDL = low-density lipoprotein, NGS = next-generation sequencing, Q = quartile, SD = standard deviation.
↵* Except where noted otherwise.
↵† Refers to patients whose DNA sample was sent to the Core Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, for screening of variants causing FH.
↵‡ Based on data available from chart review.
↵§ Imputed when untreated LDL-C values were missing (n = 39).
↵¶ χ2 test.
↵** Student t test.
↵†† Mann–Whitney test.