Baseline characteristics of patients aged 75 years or older who were admitted at least twice over a 12-month period to the general medicine service, stratified by Hospital Frailty Risk Score category
| Characteristic | Hospital Frailty Risk Score category;* no. (%) of patients† | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| High n = 1767 | Moderate n = 9464 | Low n = 10 947 | |
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 86 (82–90) | 86 (81–90) | 84 (80–89) |
| Sex, male | 739 (41.8) | 4327 (45.7) | 5061 (46.2) |
| From nursing home | 662 (37.5) | 2560 (27.0) | 1689 (15.4) |
| ICU admission before hospital admission | 110 (6.2) | 393 (4.2) | 351 (3.2) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score | |||
| 0 | 322 (18.2) | 2135 (22.6) | 2485 (22.7) |
| 1 | 146 (8.3) | 1231 (13.0) | 1726 (15.8) |
| ≥ 2 | 1299 (73.5) | 6098 (64.4) | 6736 (61.5) |
| LAPS, median (IQR) | 22 (11–36) | 22 (11–35) | 21 (10–33) |
| Admitted on weekend | 464 (26.3) | 2421 (25.6) | 2803 (25.6) |
| Admitted in evening or overnight‡ | 1341 (75.9) | 7218 (76.3) | 8181 (74.7) |
| Discharge diagnosis | |||
| Heart failure | 79 (4.5) | 778 (8.2) | 1330 (12.1) |
| COPD | 37 (2.1) | 319 (3.4) | 775 (7.1) |
| Pneumonia | 99 (5.6) | 509 (5.4) | 593 (5.4) |
| Urinary tract infection | 134 (7.6) | 684 (7.2) | 334 (3.1) |
| Cognitive disorder§ | 225 (12.7) | 697 (7.4) | 342 (3.1) |
| Sepsis | 113 (6.4) | 497 (5.3) | 336 (3.1) |
| Aspiration pneumonitis | 169 (9.6) | 575 (6.1) | 354 (3.2) |
| Gastrointestinal bleed | 33 (1.9) | 203 (2.1) | 314 (2.9) |
| Renal failure | 38 (2.2) | 250 (2.6) | 219 (2.0) |
Note: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICU = intensive care unit, IQR = interquartile range, LAPS = Laboratory-based Acute Physiology Score.
↵* High = score > 15, moderate = score 5–15, and low = score < 5.
↵† Except where noted otherwise.
↵‡ Between 1700 and 0800.
↵§ Includes “delirium” and “dementia.”