Characteristics of newborns*
| Characteristic | No. (%)† | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| All newborns n = 10 965 | Screened n = 1952 | Unscreened n = 9013 | |
| GA, wk, mean ± SD | 39.3 ± 1.2 | 39.0 ± 1.4 | 39.4 ± 1.1 |
| Birth weight, g, mean ± SD | n = 10 855 3458 ± 453 | n = 1936 3411 ± 721 | n = 8919 3468 ± 369 |
| Apgar score, mean ± SD | n = 10 122 8.39 ± 0.90 | n = 1815 8.32 ± 0.99 | n = 8307 8.41 ± 0.88 |
| Birthing parent with diabetes | 560 (5.1) | 429 (22.0) | 131 (1.5) |
| Premature | 159 (1.5) | 135 (6.9) | 20 (0.2) |
| Weight for GA | n = 10 860 | n = 1936 | n = 8924 |
| Normal | 9456 (87.1) | 1231 (63.6) | 8225 (92.2) |
| Large | 1253 (11.5) | 574 (29.6) | 679 (7.6) |
| Small | 151 (1.4) | 131 (6.8) | 20 (0.2) |
| Exclusively breastfed at 24 h | n = 10 096 4325 (42.8) | n = 1772 543 (30.6) | n = 8324 3782 (45.4) |
| Birth year | |||
| 2014 | 2527 (23.0) | 342 (17.5) | 2185 (24.2) |
| 2015 | 2610 (23.8) | 385 (19.7) | 2225 (24.7) |
| 2016 | 2353 (21.5) | 475 (24.3) | 1878 (20.8) |
| 2017 | 2314 (21.1) | 497 (25.5) | 1817 (20.2) |
| 2018 | 1161 (10.6) | 253 (13.0) | 908 (10.1) |
| Antenatal parity ≥ 1 | 5821 (53.1) | 996 (51.0) | 4825 (53.5) |
| Hypertension or pre-eclampsia | 684 (6.2) | 181 (9.3) | 503 (5.6) |
| Obesity | 1431 (13.1) | 365 (18.7) | 1066 (11.8) |
| Smoking by the birthing parent | 766 (7.0) | 145 (7.4) | 621 (6.9) |
| Social issues or perinatal inpatient drug screening | 167 (1.5) | 42 (2.2) | 125 (1.4) |
| Marital status divorced, single or widowed (v. married or common law) | 818 (7.5) | 148 (7.6) | 670 (7.4) |
| Pyrexia | 219 (2.0) | 30 (1.5) | 189 (2.1) |
| Induced | 2984 (27.2) | 705 (36.1) | 2279 (25.3) |
| Mode of birth | |||
| Simple vaginal | 7262 (66.2) | 1232 (63.1) | 6023 (66.8) |
| Assisted vaginal | 971 (8.9) | 190 (9.7) | 781 (8.7) |
| Elective cesarian | 1341 (12.2) | 234 (12.0) | 1107 (12.3) |
| Emergency cesarian | 1391 (12.7) | 291 (14.9) | 1100 (12.2) |
| 5-minute Apgar score | |||
| ≤ 7 | 176 (1.6) | 34 (1.7) | 142 (1.6) |
| ≥ 8 | 10 578 (96.5) | 1878 (96.2) | 8700 (96.5) |
| Brief postnatal CPAP | 392 (3.6) | 100 (5.1) | 292 (3.2) |
| Newborn cardiorespiratory issue | 394 (3.6) | 96 (5) (4.9) | 298 (3.3) |
| Laceration | |||
| None | 4483 (40.9) | 827 (42.4) | 3656 (40.6) |
| First or second degree | 6064 (55.3) | 1047 (53.6) | 5017 (55.7) |
| Third or fourth degree | 418 (3.8) | 78 (4.0) | 340 (3.8) |
| Postpartum hemorrhage or anemia | 952 (8.7) | 184 (9.4) | 768 (8.5) |
| Birthing parent obstetric complication | 5592 (51.0) | 997 (51.1) | 4595 (51.0) |
Note: CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure, GA = gestational age.
↵* As per the study protocol, preterm babies born earlier than 36 weeks were excluded from the study since they were observed and cared for in the special care nursery following birth. Appendix 1 (available at www.cmajopen.ca/content/11/2/E381/suppl/DC1) offers more information on variable definitions and source data.
↵† Unless stated otherwise.