Univariable and multivariable multinomial logistic regression of neighbourhood-level material deprivation quartile and immunologic and virologic response category (n = 8274)*
| Characteristic | Concordant negative (CD4−/VL−) | Discordant (CD4+/VL−) | Discordant (CD4−/VL+) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Neighbourhood-level material deprivation quartile | ||||||
| 1 (least deprived) [ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 | 1.20 (0.93–1.54) | 1.03 (0.80–1.34) | 1.21 (1.05–1.41) | 1.16 (0.99–1.35) | 1.20 (0.98–1.46) | 1.16 (0.95–1.42) |
| 3 | 1.44 (1.13–1.83) | 1.23 (0.95–1.59) | 1.19 (1.02–1.38) | 1.14 (0.97–1.33) | 1.15 (0.94–1.40) | 1.09 (0.89–1.35) |
| 4 (most deprived) | 2.33 (1.86–2.91) | 1.45 (1.13–1.86) | 1.32 (1.13–1.54) | 1.14 (0.96–1.34) | 1.45 (1.19–1.76) | 1.31 (1.06–1.62) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male [ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 2.49 (2.03–3.05) | 1.44 (1.15–1.80) | 1.32 (1.13–1.55) | 1.11 (0.94–1.31) | 1.29 (1.05–1.59) | 1.15 (0.93–1.42) |
| Province | ||||||
| British Columbia [ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Saskatchewan | 5.94 (4.38–8.05) | 4.80 (3.40–6.79) | 1.85 (1.37–2.52) | 2.11 (1.53–2.92) | 2.31 (1.59–3.37) | 1.79 (1.20–2.65) |
| Ontario | 0.47 (0.35–0.62) | 0.74 (0.55–1.01) | 0.69 (0.58–0.81) | 0.79 (0.66–0.93) | 1.13 (0.93–1.38) | 1.28 (1.04–1.56) |
| Quebec | 0.57 (0.45–0.71) | 0.80 (0.62–1.04) | 0.85 (0.75–0.97) | 0.94 (0.81–1.10) | 1.06 (0.90–1.26) | 1.15 (0.94–1.41) |
| Year of entry into cohort | ||||||
| 2000–2003 [ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2004–2007 | 0.49 (0.38–0.63) | 0.50 (0.38–0.65) | 0.86 (0.72–1.02) | 0.87 (0.73–1.03) | 0.72 (0.56–0.92) | 0.71 (0.55–0.92) |
| 2008–2011 | 0.46 (0.37–0.59) | 0.47 (0.37–0.60) | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | 0.74 (0.63–0.87) | 0.93 (0.74–1.17) | 0.92 (0.73–1.15) |
| 2012–2016 | 0.56 (0.44–0.71) | 0.50 (0.38–0.64) | 0.53 (0.45–0.63) | 0.53 (0.44–0.63) | 1.17 (0.94–1.47) | 1.16 (0.92–1.46) |
| Ever injected drugs | ||||||
| No [ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 4.45 (3.67–5.40) | 2.97 (2.36–3.72) | 1.77 (1.54–2.04) | 1.46 (1.25–1.71) | 1.36 (1.13–1.65) | 1.41 (1.14–1.74) |
| Unknown | 1.25 (0.98–1.59) | 1.24 (0.96–1.61) | 1.04 (0.90–1.20) | 1.02 (0.87–1.18) | 1.08 (0.91–1.29) | 1.19 (0.98–1.44) |
| Baseline age (per 10-yr increase) | 0.93 (0.86–1.01) | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) | 1.05 (0.99–1.10) | 1.04 (0.98–1.10) | 0.97 (0.91–1.04) | 0.99 (0.93–1.07) |
Note: CD4+, an increase of ≥ 50 cells/mm3 (0.05 cells × 109/L) within 6 months of combination antiretroviral therapy initiation, CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, VL+, viral suppression ≤ 50 copies/mL within 6 months of combination antiretroviral therapy initiation.
↵* The concordant positive (CD4+/VL+) group was used as the reference category. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) is indicated by a 95% CI that excludes the null value of 1.