Descriptive statistics for all baseline variables by date of admission
| Variable | Jan. 1, 2017, to Mar. 16, 2020 | Mar. 17, 2020, to Dec. 7, 2020 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Responses n = 51 275 % or mean ± SD | Missing, no. (%) | Responses n = 9098 % or mean ± SD | Missing, no. (%) | |
| Sex/gender* | 86 (< 1) | 5 (< 1) | ||
| Male | 50 | 48 | ||
| Female | 50 | 52 | ||
| Other | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||
| Age, yr | 51.3 ± 14.0 | 48 (< 1) | 51.7 ± 14.2 | 19 (< 1) |
| Age began smoking daily, yr | 17.0 ± 5.4 | 4051 (8) | 17.1 ± 5.4 | 683 (8) |
| Smoking status at baseline | 140 (< 1) | 27 (< 1) | ||
| Daily | 93 | 94 | ||
| Occasionally | 3 | 3 | ||
| Not at all | 4 | 3 | ||
| No. cigarettes per day | 18.4 ± 12.1 | 258 (1) | 18.7 ± 11.9 | 36 (< 1) |
| Time to first cigarette after waking, min | 2575 (5) | 422 (5) | ||
| Within 5 | 40 | 40 | ||
| 6–30 | 38 | 38 | ||
| 31–60 | 12 | 11 | ||
| More than 60 | 10 | 10 | ||
| Previous lifetime quit attempts | 1174 (2) | 221 (2) | ||
| None | 9 | 8 | ||
| 1 to 5 times | 60 | 60 | ||
| 6 to 10 times | 16 | 17 | ||
| 11 or more times | 15 | 16 | ||
| Has quit date | 52 | 0 (< 1) | 46 | 0 (< 1) |
| Importance of quitting† | 9 ± 1.4 | 490 (1) | 9.1 ± 1.4 | 130 (1) |
| Confidence in ability to quit† | 7.4 ± 2.1 | 624 (1) | 7.4 (2.0) | 157 (2) |
| Physical health diagnosis‡ | 44 | 5865 (11) | 48 | 1597 (18) |
| Mental health diagnosis§ | 54 | 5454 (11) | 59 | 1483 (16) |
| Substance-related diagnosis¶ | 21 | 3431 (7) | 22 | 1247 (14) |
| First Nations, Métis or Inuit | 7 | 2884 (6) | 7 | 1280 (14) |
| Education | 3922 (8) | 1690 (19) | ||
| < Secondary | 25 | 25 | ||
| Secondary | 26 | 27 | ||
| Some postsecondary | 18 | 16 | ||
| Postsecondary | 31 | 32 | ||
| Household income,** $ | 18549 (36) | 4415 (49) | ||
| ≤ 20 000 | 41 | 43 | ||
| 20 000–40 000 | 21 | 22 | ||
| > 40 000 | 38 | 35 | ||
| Not working in past week†† | 54 | 2141 (6) | 61 | 974 (14) |
| Ontario Drug Benefit program | 46 | 4044 (8) | 46 | 1364 (15) |
| Body mass index | 27.7 ± 6.4 | 5361 (10) | 27.9 ± 6.6 | 1055 (12) |
| AUDIT-C score‡‡ | 2.8 ± 3.1 | 2787 (5) | 2.7 ± 3.1 | 1165 (13) |
| PHQ-2 score§§ | 1.2 ± 1.7 | 3681 (7) | 1.3 ± 1.7 | 1347 (15) |
| 30-day opioid use | 16 | 2125 (4) | 16 | 1044 (11) |
| 30-day cannabis use | 32 | 2169 (4) | 35 | 1038 (11) |
| 30-day mental health service use | 26 | 3072 (6) | 26 | 1173 (13) |
| Caffeine servings per day | 1737 (3) | 984 (11) | ||
| None | 6 | 7 | ||
| 1 or 2 | 37 | 39 | ||
| 3 to 5 | 40 | 38 | ||
| More than 5 | 17 | 17 | ||
Note: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SD = standard deviation.
↵* “Other” category was omitted from modelling because of low numbers.
↵† Self-rated, scale from 1 to 10.
↵‡ Heart disease, stroke, diabetes, COPD or cancer.
↵§ Depression, anxiety, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
↵¶ Alcohol use disorder or (non-alcohol, non-tobacco) drug use disorder.
↵** Measured as 8 ordered categories, which were entered into the model as a continuous variable. Proportion of missing responses was high in part because some clinics do not ask participants about income.
↵†† Participants aged ≥ 15 years and < 65 years and not “permanently unable to work”.
↵‡‡ Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Concise.25
↵§§ Patient Health Questionnaire, 2-item version.26