Multivariable predictors of disability at 1-year after major cardiac surgery
| Variable | Subdistribution HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Age | 1.03 (1.02–1.03) |
| Female | 1.38 (1.28–1.48) |
| Surgery type (Ref.: Isolated CABG) | |
| Single valve | 1.34 (1.21–1.48) |
| Multiple valves | 1.43 (1.18–1.75) |
| CABG + single valve | 1.38 (1.26–1.51) |
| CABG + multiple valves | 1.78 (1.43–2.23) |
| Emergent procedure | 1.40 (1.26–1.57) |
| Rural residence | 1.03 (0.94–1.12) |
| Income quintile (Ref.: 5 [highest]) | |
| 1 (lowest) | 1.33 (1.20–1.47) |
| 2 | 1.16 (1.05–1.29) |
| 3 | 1.11 (1.00–1.23) |
| 4 | 0.99 (0.89–1.10) |
| Hypertension | 1.16 (1.03–1.31) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.25 (1.14–1.37) |
| Heart failure | 1.66 (1.53–1.79) |
| MI within 30 days | 1.26 (1.17–1.36) |
| Remote MI | 1.13 (1.04–1.23) |
| Previous PCI | 0.94 (0.85–1.03) |
| LVEF, % (Ref.: ≥ 50) | |
| < 20 | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) |
| 20–34 | 1.07 (0.99–1.16) |
| 35–49 | 1.00 (0.89–1.11) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1.40 (1.29–1.53) |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 1.23 (1.14–1.34) |
| Smoker (Ref.: Never) | |
| Current | 1.19 (1.09–1.30) |
| Former | 1.07 (0.99–1.15) |
| COPD or asthma | 1.32 (1.24–1.41) |
| Pulmonary circulatory disorder | 1.07 (0.91–1.24) |
| Severe obesity | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) |
| Diabetes | 1.38 (1.29–1.47) |
| Hypothyroidism | 1.10 (0.93–1.31) |
| Anemia | 1.39 (1.28–1.51) |
| Baseline creatinine (μmol/L; Ref.: < 120) | |
| 120–179 | 1.32 (1.21–1.45) |
| ≥ 180 | 1.81 (1.57–2.08) |
| Dialysis | 1.40 (1.19–1.64) |
| Liver disease | 1.33 (1.06–1.68) |
| Alcohol use disorder | 1.68 (1.39–2.03) |
| Dementia | 1.59 (1.13–2.24) |
| Depression | 1.66 (1.41–1.97) |
| Psychosis | 1.05 (0.62–1.76) |
| Primary cancer | 1.19 (1.06–1.34) |
| Metastatic cancer | 1.47 (1.08–1.99) |
Note: CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting, CI = confidence interval, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HR = hazard ratio, LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction, MI = myocardial infarction, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, Ref. = Reference.