The coefficients and marginal effects obtained from the ordinary least squares and logistic models for psychological distress scale, lifetime suicidal ideation and lifetime suicide plan*
| Determinants | Psychological distress scale | Lifetime suicidal ideation | Lifetime suicide plan | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total coefficients | Women coefficients | Men coefficients | Total marginal effects | Women marginal effects | Men marginal effects | Total marginal effects | Women marginal effects | Men marginal effects | |
| Indigenous identity (Ref: Indigenous) | |||||||||
| Non-Indigenous | −0.38 (0.21 to −0.97) | −0.56 (0.32 to −1.43) | −0.18 (0.61 to −0.96) | −4.12 (−2.06 to −6.18) | −5.05 (−2.01 to −8.09) | −3.35 (−0.57 to −6.13) | −2.05 (−1.13 to −2.97) | −2.58 (−1.01 to −4.15) | −1.49 (−0.49 to −2.49) |
| Demographic variables | |||||||||
| Sex (Ref: female) | |||||||||
| Male | −0.45 (−0.7 to −0.20) | −1.05 (−2.38 to 0.28) | −0.58 (−1.31 to 0.15) | ||||||
| Age, yr | −0.05 (−0.07 to −0.04) | −0.07 (−0.08 to −0.05) | −0.04 (−0.05 to −0.03) | −0.11 (−0.17 to −0.05) | −0.12 (−0.2 to −0.04) | −0.09 (−0.17 to −0.01) | −0.02 (−0.04 to 0.01) | 0.01 (−0.05 to 0.03) | −0.03 (−0.05 to −0.01) |
| Marital status (Ref: married or common law) | |||||||||
| Divorced or widowed | 0.03 (−0.56 to 0.61) | −0.23 (−1.09 to 0.63) | 0.41 (−0.43 to 1.26) | −0.35 (−3.23 to 2.53) | −1.04 (−4.9 to 2.82) | 0.96 (−2.92 to 4.84) | −0.40 (−1.69 to 0.89) | −1.19 (−2.93 to 0.55) | 0.34 (−1.23 to 1.91) |
| Single | 0.03 (−0.49 to 0.56) | −0.53 (−1.33 to 0.28) | 0.57 (−0.11 to 1.24) | 0.20 (−2.37 to 2.77) | −1.09 (−4.27 to 2.09) | 1.41 (−2.37 to 5.19) | 0.17 (−0.91 to 1.25) | −0.23 (−1.48 to 1.02) | 0.36 (−1.17 to 1.89) |
| Socioeconomic variables | |||||||||
| Log equivalized household income, $ | −0.74 (−0.92 to −0.56) | −0.83 (−1.08 to −0.57) | −0.65 (−0.92 to −0.39) | −1.09 (−1.83 to −0.35) | −1.25 (−2.31 to −0.19) | −1.05 (−2.07 to −0.03) | −0.39 (−0.68 to −0.10) | −0.52 (−0.97 to −0.07) | −0.31 (−0.62 to 0) |
| Education (Ref: less than high school) | |||||||||
| High school | −0.56 (−1.11 to −0.02) | −0.70 (−1.63 to 0.24) | −0.44 (−1.05 to 0.17) | −2.71 (−5.45 to 0.03) | −3.33 (−7.50 to 0.84) | −1.96 (−5.45 to 1.53) | −1.21 (−2.48 to 0.06) | −1.36 (−3.83 to 1.11) | −1.02 (−2.04 to 0) |
| Some postsecondary | 0.39 (−0.29 to 1.07) | −0.43 (−1.52 to 0.66) | 1.15 (0.37 to 1.93) | −2.92 (−6.37 to 0.53) | −2.65 (−7.98 to 2.68) | −2.79 (−7.02 to 1.44) | −0.95 (−2.38 to 0.48) | −1.40 (−4.22 to 1.42) | −0.46 (−1.69 to 0.77) |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | −0.37 (−0.86 to 0.12) | −0.60 (−1.49 to 0.29) | −0.14 (−0.60 to 0.32) | −2.01 (−4.52 to 0.50) | −1.27 (−5.21 to 2.67) | −2.54 (−5.56 to 0.48) | −0.31 (−1.56 to 0.94) | −0.30 (−2.91 to 2.3) | −0.26 (−1.04 to 0.52) |
| Employment status (Ref: employed) | |||||||||
| Unemployed | 0.45 (0.14 to 0.76) | 0.30 (−0.13 to 0.74) | 0.62 (0.22 to 1.02) | 0.02 (−1.53 to 1.57) | −0.09 (−2.42 to 2.24) | −0.14 (−2.22 to 1.94) | 0.15 (−0.61 to 0.91) | −0.41 (−1.78 to 0.96) | 0.6 (−0.13 to 1.33) |
| Other employment status | 1.69 (1.15 to 2.22) | 1.81 (1.01 to 2.6) | 1.66 (0.95 to 2.38) | −1.73 (−4.69 to 1.23) | −2.87 (−7.08 to 1.34) | −0.49 (−4.51 to 3.53) | −0.15 (−1.50 to 1.20) | −0.87 (−3.44 to 1.70) | 0.54 (−0.55 to 1.64) |
| Homeownership (Ref: owner) | |||||||||
| Renter | 0.62 (0.28 to 0.96) | 0.66 (0.20 to 1.12) | 0.58 (0.09 to 1.06) | 2.62 (1.11 to 4.13) | 3.51 (1.24 to 5.78) | 1.57 (−0.45 to 3.59) | 0.46 (−0.25 to 1.17) | 0.74 (−0.36 to 1.84) | 0.17 (−0.75 to 1.09) |
| Household arrangement (Ref: single person) | |||||||||
| Couple with no child | −0.10 (−0.65 to 0.45) | −0.03 (−0.86 to 0.80) | −0.17 (−0.89 to 0.56) | −2.87 (−5.56 to −0.18) | −2.67 (−6.20 to 0.86) | −2.86 (−6.72 to 1.00) | −1.41 (−2.64 to −0.18) | −1.74 (−3.39 to −0.09) | −1.08 (−2.65 to 0.49) |
| Couple with a child or children < 25 yr | −0.43 (−0.98 to 0.12) | −0.71 (−1.51 to 0.10) | −0.10 (−0.86 to 0.65) | −3.85 (−6.57 to −1.13) | −3.32 (−6.99 to 0.35) | −4.14 (−7.98 to −0.30) | −1.59 (−2.82 to −0.36) | −1.58 (−3.54 to 0.38) | −1.50 (−2.93 to −0.07) |
| Separated with a child or children < 25 yr | 0 (−0.65 to 0.65) | −0.06 (−0.90 to 0.79) | 0.13 (−0.84 to 1.11) | −2.09 (−5.05 to 0.87) | −0.74 (−4.80 to 3.32) | −4.37 (−8.49 to −0.25) | −0.71 (−1.77 to 0.35) | −0.08 (−1.71 to 1.55) | −1.67 (−3.2 to −0.14) |
| Other household compositions | 0.70 (0.21 to 1.19) | 0.57 (−0.07 to 1.21) | 0.92 (0.15 to 1.68) | −2.20 (−4.02 to −0.38) | −2.43 (−5.33 to 0.47) | −1.90 (−4.17 to 0.37) | −0.96 (−1.78 to −0.14) | −1.16 (−2.73 to 0.41) | −0.70 (−1.48 to 0.08) |
| Geographical factors | |||||||||
| Urbanicity (Ref: rural) | |||||||||
| Urban | 0.06 (−0.28 to 0.39) | 0.03 (−0.46 to 0.52) | 0.11 (−0.33 to 0.54) | 1.11 (−0.60 to 2.82) | 0.01 (−2.52 to 2.54) | 2.25 (0.09 to 4.41) | 0.49 (−0.37 to 1.35) | 0.47 (−1.00 to 1.94) | 0.45 (−0.33 to 1.23) |
| Geographic region (Ref: Ontario) | |||||||||
| Atlantic† | −0.17 (−0.53 to 0.18) | −0.01 (−0.54 to 0.53) | −0.34 (−0.78 to 0.11) | −0.59 (−2.45 to 1.27) | −2.05 (−4.89 to 0.79) | 0.76 (−1.61 to 3.13) | −0.19 (−0.99 to 0.61) | −0.81 (−2.12 to 0.5) | 0.34 (−0.52 to 1.20) |
| Quebec | −0.09 (−0.45 to 0.27) | 0.38 (−0.19 to 0.94) | −0.58 (−1.02 to −0.13) | 1.12 (−0.92 to 3.16) | −0.26 (−3.34 to 2.82) | 2.51 (−0.04 to 5.06) | 0.86 (−0.16 to 1.88) | 0.75 (−0.97 to 2.47) | 0.91 (0.08 to 1.74) |
| Prairie† | 0.13 (−0.22 to 0.47) | 0.17 (−0.34 to 0.68) | 0.10 (−0.37 to 0.57) | 1.76 (0.07 to 3.45) | 0.27 (−2.14 to 2.68) | 3.13 (0.80 to 5.46) | 0.71 (−0.11 to 1.53) | −0.09 (−1.19 to 1.01) | 1.31 (0.21 to 2.41) |
| British Columbia | −0.13 (−0.51 to 0.25) | 0.02 (−0.53 to 0.58) | −0.25 (−0.76 to 0.26) | 1.91 (−0.05 to 3.87) | 1.52 (−1.34 to 4.38) | 2.21 (−0.53 to 4.95) | 0.46 (−0.52 to 1.44) | 0.24 (−1.21 to 1.69) | 0.63 (−0.35 to 1.61) |
| Constant | 15.6 (13.19 to 18.01) | 17.47 (13.94 to 21) | 13.18 (10 to 16.36) | ||||||
| Observations | 18 300 | 10 049 | 8251 | 18 300 | 10 049 | 8251 | 18 300 | 10 049 | 8251 |
Note: Ref. = reference category in the ordinary least squares and logistic model estimations.
↵* Coefficients and marginal effects are calculated at the means of the independent variables. Marginal effects are multiplied by 100 for ease of readability; 95% confidence intervals are presented in parentheses.
↵† Atlantic includes the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick; Prairie includes the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta.