Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients in hospital with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, Mar. 1–Aug. 31, 2020
| Characteristic | No./total no. (%) of cases;* age group, yr | p value† | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All cases n = 1906 | < 18 n = 37 | 18−39 n = 174 | 40–59 n = 416 | 60–79 n = 638 | ≥ 80 n = 638 | ||
| Age,‡ median (IQR) | 71 (55–83) | 4 (1−14) | 32 (27–35) | 53 (47–56) | 71 (65–75) | 87 (83–91) | |
| Sex, male | 989/1888 (52.4) | 17/37 (46.0) | 67/173 (38.7) | 252/414 (60.9) | 376/630 (59.7) | 277/632 (43.8) | < 0.001 |
| Health care worker§ | 79/740 (10.6) | N/A | 14/168 (8.3) | 52/403 (12.9) | 13/172 (7.5)§§ | NA | < 0.001 |
| Underlying medical conditions | |||||||
| Any condition | 1610/1876 (85.8) | 18/36 (50.0) | 123/168 (73.2) | 289/411 (70.3) | 567/630 (90.0) | 610/628 (97.1) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic heart disease¶ | 948/1876 (50.5) | 2/36 (5.6) | 13/168 (7.7) | 127/411 (30.9) | 360/630 (57.1) | 445/628 (70.9) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 521/1876 (27.8) | 1/36 (2.8) | 16/168 (9.5) | 89/411 (21.7) | 215/630 (34.1) | 200/628 (31.8) | < 0.001 |
| Lung disease | 370/1876 (19.7) | 2/36 (5.6) | 15/168 (8.9) | 63/411 (15.3) | 127/630 (20.2) | 163/628 (26.0) | < 0.001 |
| Kidney disease | 212/1876 (11.3) | 1/36 (2.8) | 6/168 (3.6) | 31/411 (7.5) | 69/630 (11.0) | 105/628 (16.7) | < 0.001 |
| Other immunosuppression** | 73/1876 (3.9) | 1/36 (2.8) | 5/168 (3.0) | 14/411 (3.4) | 31/630 (4.9) | 22/628 (3.5) | 0.6 |
| Cancer | 106/1876 (5.7) | 3/36 (8.3) | 2/168 (1.2) | 13/411 (3.2) | 50/630 (7.9) | 38/628 (6.1) | 0.001 |
| Neurologic disorder†† | 127/1876 (6.8) | 3/36 (8.3) | 13/168 (7.7) | 28/411 (6.8) | 50/630 (7.9) | 33/628 (5.3) | 0.4 |
| Liver disease | 54/1876 (2.9) | 0/36 (0.0) | 5/168 (3.0) | 15/411 (3.6) | 25/630 (4.0) | 9/628 (1.4) | 0.05 |
| Obesity (body mass index ≥ 30) | 71/1403 (5.1) | 1/36 (3.7) | 10/168 (7.6) | 23/411 (7.3) | 29/630 (6.0) | 8/628 (3.7) | 0.004 |
| Pregnant | 57/130 (43.8)¶¶ | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Symptoms | |||||||
| Any symptom | 1746/1871 (98.3) | 26/37 (70.3) | 147/167 (88.0) | 389/411 (94.7) | 594/624 (95.2) | 587/629 (93.3) | < 0.001 |
| Cough | 1034/1871 (55.3) | 12/37 (32.4) | 99/167 (59.3) | 278/411 (67.6) | 372/624 (59.6) | 271/629 (43.1) | < 0.001 |
| Fever | 1032/1871 (55.2) | 15/37 (40.5) | 87/167 (52.1) | 268/411 (65.2) | 374/624 (59.9) | 287/629 (45.6) | < 0.001 |
| Shortness of breath | 967/1871 (51.7) | 7/37 (18.9) | 80/167 (47.9) | 247/411 (60.1) | 359/624 (57.5) | 274/629 (43.6) | < 0.001 |
| Pain | 386/1871 (20.7) | 4/37 (10.8) | 57/167 (34.1) | 144/411 (35.0) | 114/624 (18.3) | 67/629 (10.7) | < 0.001 |
| Hypoxia | 361/1871 (19.3) | 0/37 (0.0) | 16/167 (9.6) | 70/411 (17.0) | 110/624 (17.6) | 156/629 (26.2) | < 0.001 |
| Weakness | 350/1871 (18.7) | 2/37 (5.4) | 17/167 (10.2) | 75/411 (18.2) | 112/624 (17.9) | 144/629 (22.9) | < 0.001 |
| Diarrhea | 344/1871 (18.4) | 5/37 (13.5) | 34/167 (20.4) | 101/411 (24.6) | 116/624 (18.6) | 88/629 (14.0) | < 0.001 |
| Fatigue | 301/1871 (16.1) | 0/37 (0.0) | 25/167 (15.0) | 68/411 (16.6) | 112/624 (18.0) | 96/629 (15.3) | 0.006 |
| Altered mental status‡‡ | 250/1871 (13.4) | 0/37 (0.0) | 5/167 (2.3) | 21/411 (5.1) | 78/624 (12.5) | 145/629 (23.1) | < 0.001 |
| Vomiting or nausea | 213/1871 (11.4) | 5/37 (13.5) | 28/167 (16.8) | 57/411 (13.9) | 81/624 (13.0) | 42/629 (6.7) | 0.001 |
| Headache | 174/1871 (9.3) | 2/37 (5.4) | 30/167 (18.0) | 69/411 (16.8) | 57/624 (9.1) | 15/629 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
| Sore throat | 156/1871 (8.3) | 4/37 (10.8) | 26/167 (15.6) | 41/411 (10.0) | 58/624 (9.3) | 26/629 (4.1) | < 0.001 |
| Chills | 110/1871 (5.9) | 0/37 (0.0) | 12/167 (7.2) | 38/411 (9.3) | 46/624 (7.4) | 14/629 (2.2) | < 0.001 |
| Loss of smell or taste | 84/1871 (4.5) | 1/37 (2.7) | 18/167 (10.8) | 35/411 (8.5) | 23/624 (3.7) | 7/629 (1.1) | < 0.001 |
| Location where COVID-19 was acquired | |||||||
| Community | 1064/1894 (56.2) | 34/37 (91.9) | 147/172 (85.5) | 347/413 (84.0) | 376/632 (59.5) | 159/637 (25.0) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital | 121/1894 (6.4) | 1/37 (2.7) | 8/172 (4.7) | 11/413 (2.7) | 45/632 (7.1) | 56/637 (8.8) | |
| Other health care exposure (e.g., long-term care facility) | 622/1894 (32.8) | 0/37 (0.0) | 2/172 (1.2) | 24/413 (5.8) | 186/632 (29.4) | 408/637 (64.1) | |
| Unknown | 87/1894 (4.6) | 2/37 (5.4) | 15/172 (8.7) | 31/413 (7.5) | 25/632 (4.0) | 14/637 (2.2) | |
Note: COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, IQR = interquartile range, NA = not applicable.
↵* Unless indicated otherwise.
↵† χ2 tests were used to compare proportions.
↵‡ Age is missing for 3 cases.
↵§ Restricted to adult patients aged 18–65 yr.
↵¶ Includes hypertension.
↵** Includes congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, chemotherapy, use of immunosuppressive drugs and chronic use of high-dose systemic steroids (≥ 2 mg/kg or ≥ 20 mg/d prednisone or equivalent for > 2 wk).
↵†† Includes moderate to profound intellectual disability or developmental delay; epilepsy or cerebral palsy if accompanied by moderate to profound intellectual disability or developmental delay; neuromuscular disorders (e.g., muscular dystrophy), when associated with impaired respiratory function; or other neurologic disorders associated with impaired pulmonary function or difficulty handling lung secretions or both.
↵‡‡ Includes confusion and delirium.
↵§§ Age group restricted to 60–65 yr.
↵¶¶ Restricted to females aged 15–44 yr.