Characteristics of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease according to shear wave elastography result
| Characteristic | Group; no. (%) of patients* | p value† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total cohort n = 1958 | SWE value ≥ 8 kPa n = 67 | Inconclusive result n = 100 | SWE value < 8 kPa n = 1791 | ||
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 55 (45–63) | 61 (49–69) | 57 (47–65) | 54 (45–63) | 0.004 |
| Female sex | 1052 (53.7) | 44 (65.7) | 55 (55.0) | 953 (53.2) | 0.1 |
| Body mass index, median (IQR) (n = 1764) | 32.0 (28.0–36.6) | 37.2 (31.7–40.8) | 40.6 (33.4–47.2) | 31.6 (27.8–35.9) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline laboratory investigations, median (IQR) | |||||
| ALT, U/L (n = 1944) | 38 (25–60) | 37 (21–63) | 31 (20–52) | 38 (25–61) | 0.05 |
| AST, U/L (n = 1273) | 29 (21–42) | 36 (23–56) | 27 (19–50) | 29 (21–41) | 0.06 |
| Albumin, g/L (n = 1473) | 39 (37–41) | 37 (36–39) | 37 (34–39) | 39 (37–41) | < 0.001 |
| ALP, U/L (n = 1667) | 77 (64–94) | 91 (68–107) | 85 (71–118) | 76 (63–93) | < 0.001 |
| GGT, U/L (n = 1627) | 45 (27–87) | 87 (36–133) | 48 (29–138) | 45 (27–82) | < 0.001 |
| INR (n = 875) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 1.0 (1.0–1.2) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | < 0.001 |
| Platelet count, 10 × 9/L (n = 1922) | 250 (209–294) | 214 (169–255) | 234 (179–295) | 252 (211–295) | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L (n = 1830) | 1.80 (1.28–2.61) | 1.79 (1.23–2.37) | 1.71 (1.28–2.30) | 1.81 (1.28–2.64) | 0.2 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L (n = 1831) | 4.75 (4.01–5.48) | 4.04 (3.44–4.70) | 4.01 (3.42–4.87) | 4.81 (4.10–5.53) | < 0.001 |
| HDL, mmol/L (n = 1831) | 1.16 (0.95–1.39) | 1.11 (0.90–1.34) | 1.10 (0.92–1.31) | 1.16 (0.96–1.39) | 0.09 |
| LDL, mmol/L (n = 1831) | 2.61 (1.95–3.27) | 2.07 (1.57–2.55) | 2.10 (1.62–2.71) | 2.66 (2.03–3.33) | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine, mmol/L (n = 1895) | 74 (60–87) | 67 (51–79) | 66 (54–79) | 74 (61–88) | < 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % (n = 1810) | 5.7 (5.5–6.2) | 6.2 (5.6–7.2) | 6.1 (5.6–7.1) | 5.7 (5.4–6.2) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 562 (28.7) | 38 (56.7) | 50 (50.0) | 474 (26.5) | < 0.001 |
| Impaired fasting glucose | 657 (33.6) | 12 (17.9) | 24 (24.0) | 621 (34.7) | 0.002 |
| Hypertension | 798 (40.8) | 41 (61.2) | 63 (63.0) | 694 (38.7) | < 0.001 |
| Fibrosis-4 index score, median (IQR) (n = 1251) | 0.99 (0.69–1.48) | 1.71 (1.03–2.63) | 1.19 (0.77–2.05) | 0.96 (0.68–1.41) | < 0.001 |
Note: ALP = alkaline phosphatase, ALT = alanine aminotransferase, AST = aspartate aminotransferase, GGT = γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, HDL = high-density lipoprotein, INR = international normalized ratio, IQR = interquartile range, LDL = low-density lipoprotein, SWE = shear wave elastography.
↵* Except where noted otherwise.
↵† For comparison between cohort subgroups (3 groups).