Study population sociodemographic and health characteristics
| Characteristic | No. (%) of participants* | |
|---|---|---|
| Patients n = 43 | Family members n = 28 | |
| Age, yr, mean ± SD (range) | 79.0 ± 11.4 (56–95) | 61.0 ± 10.0 (47–83) |
| Female sex | 23 (53) | 25 (89) |
| Ethnicity | ||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0 (0) | 2 (7) |
| African/black North American | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
| White | 42 (98) | 23 (82) |
| First Nations/Inuit/Metis | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
| East Indian | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
| Other | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
| Formal religious group | ||
| Protestant | 17 (40) | 8 (29) |
| Catholic | 11 (26) | 11 (39) |
| Muslim | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
| Jewish | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
| None | 11 (26) | 6 (21) |
| Other | 3 (7) | 2 (7) |
| Highest level of education | ||
| Some high school | 19 (44) | 2 (7) |
| Completed high school | 15 (35) | 10 (36) |
| Some university education or completed other postsecondary program | 7 (16) | 8 (29) |
| University undergraduate degree | 2 (5) | 5 (18) |
| University graduate degree | 0 (0) | 3 (11) |
| Place of residence in prior month | ||
| Own home | 36 (84) | – |
| Retirement residence | 5 (12) | – |
| Rehabilitation facility | 1 (2) | – |
| Other | 1 (2) | – |
| Frailty†‡ | ||
| Well | 3 (7) | – |
| Managing well | 5 (12) | – |
| Vulnerable | 15 (35) | – |
| Mildly frail | 9 (21) | – |
| Moderately frail | 5 (12) | – |
| Severely frail | 1 (2) | – |
| Missing | 5 (12) | – |
| Self-rated quality of life† | ||
| Excellent | 3 (7) | – |
| Very good | 9 (21) | – |
| Good | 18 (42) | – |
| Fair | 9 (21) | – |
| Poor | 4 (9) | – |
Note: SD = standard deviation.
* Except where noted otherwise.
† Based on participant report (patient him- or herself, or family member on behalf of a nonparticipating patient).
‡ Assessed with the Clinical Frailty Scale.35