Parameter | Base case | Data source/reasoning |
---|---|---|
Prevalence of iron deficiency | ||
General population | 12.1% | Hartfield 2010 (21) (review of 10 studies) |
At-risk population | 25.0% | Optimizing Early Child Development study (13) data, Oatley et al., 2018 (15) (n = 1735) |
Proportion of children at risk in general population | 35.5% | Optimizing Early Child Development study (13) data (≥ 2 risk factors*) |
Probability of poor functional outcomes | ||
Untreated | ||
Due to iron deficiency | 23.5% | Lozoff et al., 2000 (6) (longitudinal cohort study, n = 167) |
Not due to iron deficiency | 9.5% | Idjradinata et al., 1993 (12) (randomized controlled trial stratified by iron status; iron-deficiency anemia n = 50, nonanemic iron deficiency n = 29, iron sufficiency n = 47) |
After iron supplementation treatment | ||
Due to iron deficiency | 9.5% | Idjradinata et al. (12) |
Not due to iron deficiency | 9.5% | Idjradinata et al. (12) |
Screening test efficiency | ||
Sensitivity | 58.6% | Guyatt et al.,1992 (22) (review of 55 studies) |
Specificity | 98.9% | Guyatt et al. (22) |
Utility parameter inputs | ||
Utility of having iron supplementation treatment (utilityTreat) | 0.815 | Accounting for potential side effects (constipation) of receiving iron supplementation, NICE 2010 (23) |
Utility of living with poor functional outcomes (utilityPoorFunOut) | 0.84 | Assuming children will experience utility loss owing to cognitive impairment Bennett et al., (24) 2000 (computer-based utility assessment interview, n = 94) Ekman et al., (25) 2007 (cross-sectional study, n = 1800) |
Note: NICE = National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
↵* Include younger age, longer breast-feeding duration, high body mass index z-score and drinking more than 500 mL of cow’s milk per day.