Characteristics of women with a singleton hospital birth in Ontario, April 2014–March 2016,* by antenatal health care provider
| Characteristic | Antenatal health care provider; no. (%) of women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All n = 231 697 | Family physician n = 26 043 | Obstetrician n = 136 994 | Midwife n = 32 362 | Family physician + obstetrician n = 36 298 | |
| Maternal age, yr | |||||
| ≤ 24 | 30 896 (13.3) | 5014 (19.2) | 16 215 (11.8) | 3663 (11.3) | 6004 (16.5) |
| 25–29 | 64 476 (27.8) | 8140 (31.3) | 35 950 (26.2) | 9487 (29.3) | 10 899 (30.0) |
| 30–34 | 84 644 (36.5) | 8713 (33.5) | 50 335 (36.7) | 12 995 (40.2) | 12 601 (34.7) |
| ≥ 35 | 51 681 (22.3) | 4176 (16.0) | 34 494 (25.2) | 6217 (19.2) | 6794 (18.7) |
| Prepregnancy body mass index† | |||||
| < 18.5 (underweight) | 14 018 (6.0) | 1440 (5.5) | 9086 (6.6) | 1608 (5.0) | 1884 (5.2) |
| 18.5 – < 25 (normal weight) | 120 434 (52.0) | 13 337 (51.2) | 70 883 (51.7) | 18 401 (56.9) | 17 813 (49.1) |
| 25 – < 30 (overweight) | 55 712 (24.0) | 6485 (24.9) | 32 820 (24.0) | 7551 (23.3) | 8856 (24.4) |
| ≥ 30 (obese) | 41 533 (17.9) | 4781 (18.4) | 24 205 (17.7) | 4802 (14.8) | 7745 (21.3) |
| Weight gain during pregnancy‡ | |||||
| Inadequate | 31 804 (13.7) | 3567 (13.7) | 19 936 (14.6) | 3742 (11.6) | 4559 (12.6) |
| Within recommended levels | 71 777 (31.0) | 7768 (29.8) | 43 270 (31.6) | 10 405 (32.2) | 10 334 (28.5) |
| Excess | 128 116 (55.3) | 14 708 (56.5) | 73 788 (53.9) | 18 215 (56.3) | 21 405 (59.0) |
| Preexisting diabetes | 2149 (0.9) | 115 (0.4) | 1544 (1.1) | 83 (0.3) | 407 (1.1) |
| Preexisting hypertension | 1875 (0.8) | 146 (0.6) | 1293 (0.9) | 92 (0.3) | 344 (0.9) |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 14 849 (6.4) | 1143 (4.4) | 10 245 (7.5) | 1270 (3.9) | 2191 (6.0) |
| Nulliparous | 100 347 (43.3) | 11 536 (44.3) | 57 781 (42.2) | 15 359 (47.5) | 15 671 (43.2) |
| Gravidity | |||||
| Primigravid | 74 634 (32.2) | 8706 (33.4) | 42 540 (31.0) | 11 708 (36.2) | 11 680 (32.2) |
| Multigravid | 155 619 (67.2) | 17 165 (65.9) | 93 187 (68.0) | 20 652 (63.8) | 24 615 (67.8) |
| Missing | 1444 (0.6) | 172 (0.7) | 1267 (0.9) | 2 (< 0.1) | 3 (< 0.1) |
| Income quintile | |||||
| 1 (lowest) | 48 414 (20.9) | 5769 (22.2) | 30 324 (22.1) | 5560 (17.2) | 6761 (18.6) |
| 2 | 46 243 (20.0) | 5041 (19.4) | 28 116 (20.5) | 6199 (19.2) | 6887 (19.0) |
| 3 | 46 908 (20.2) | 5255 (20.2) | 27 270 (19.9) | 6594 (20.4) | 7789 (21.5) |
| 4 | 48 916 (21.1) | 5227 (20.1) | 28 128 (20.5) | 7402 (22.9) | 8159 (22.5) |
| 5 (highest) | 37 207 (16.1) | 4339 (16.7) | 20 683 (15.1) | 6063 (18.7) | 6122 (16.9) |
| Missing | 4009 (1.7) | 412 (1.6) | 2473 (1.8) | 544 (1.7) | 580 (1.6) |
| Education quintile | |||||
| 1 (lowest) | 45 156 (19.5) | 6479 (24.9) | 21 450 (15.7) | 6808 (21.0) | 10 419 (28.7) |
| 2 | 45 027 (19.4) | 5675 (21.8) | 23 799 (17.4) | 6651 (20.6) | 8902 (24.5) |
| 3 | 44 908 (19.4) | 4794 (18.4) | 27 549 (20.1) | 6093 (18.8) | 6472 (17.8) |
| 4 | 44 646 (19.3) | 3756 (14.4) | 29 796 (21.7) | 5857 (18.1) | 5237 (14.4) |
| 5 (highest) | 44 294 (19.1) | 3671 (14.1) | 30 088 (22.0) | 6273 (19.4) | 4262 (11.7) |
| Missing | 7666 (3.3) | 1668 (6.4) | 4312 (3.1) | 680 (2.1) | 1006 (2.8) |
| Mental illness | 35 271 (15.2) | 4832 (18.6) | 16 291 (11.9) | 6867 (21.2) | 7281 (20.1) |
| Depression | 17 196 (7.4) | 2502 (9.6) | 7591 (5.5) | 3246 (10.0) | 3857 (10.6) |
| Alcohol consumption during pregnancy | 5665 (2.4) | 899 (3.4) | 2772 (2.0) | 846 (2.6) | 1148 (3.2) |
| Smoking during pregnancy | |||||
| Yes | 23 342 (10.1) | 4063 (15.6) | 12 065 (8.8) | 1880 (5.8) | 5334 (14.7) |
| Missing | 9079 (3.9) | 979 (3.8) | 7668 (5.6) | 202 (0.6) | 230 (0.6) |
| Drug exposure during pregnancy | 4542 (2.0) | 954 (3.7) | 2202 (1.6) | 407 (1.3) | 979 (2.7) |
| Prenatal classes | |||||
| Yes | 51 293 (22.1) | 6127 (23.5) | 26 951 (19.7) | 10 120 (31.3) | 8095 (22.3) |
| Missing | 16 810 (7.3) | 1943 (7.5) | 10 928 (8.0) | 2460 (7.6) | 1479 (4.1) |
| Previous preterm birth | 12 256 (5.3) | 1034 (4.0) | 8075 (5.9) | 1305 (4.0) | 1842 (5.1) |
| Previous cesarean delivery | 34 652 (15.0) | 2283 (8.8) | 23 543 (17.2) | 2842 (8.8) | 5984 (16.5) |
| Previous abortion | 75 100 (32.4) | 8134 (31.2) | 45 102 (32.9) | 9947 (30.7) | 11 917 (32.8) |
| Previous term birth | 124 036 (53.5) | 13 905 (53.4) | 74 108 (54.1) | 16 352 (50.5) | 19 671 (54.2) |
| Previous vaginal birth | 96 788 (41.8) | 12 132 (46.6) | 55 108 (40.2) | 14 366 (44.4) | 15 182 (41.8) |
| Previous stillbirth | 3097 (1.3) | 226 (0.9) | 2241 (1.6) | 280 (0.9) | 350 (1.0) |
| Nonvertex presentation | |||||
| Yes | 9190 (4.0) | 707 (2.7) | 5536 (4.0) | 1270 (3.9) | 1677 (4.6) |
| Missing | 16 179 (7.0) | 1655 (6.4) | 13 189 (9.6) | 328 (1.0) | 1007 (2.8) |
| Male infant | 118 794 (51.3) | 13 331 (51.2) | 70 254 (51.3) | 16 713 (51.6) | 18 496 (51.0) |