Factors associated with support for e-cigarette policies
| Factor | Require same minimum age for buying e-cigarettes as for cigarettes* n = 2996 | Restrict nicotine in e-cigarettes/e-liquid* n = 2986 | Ban e-cigarette use in smoke-free places* n = 2997 | Ban e-cigarette/e-liquid promotion* n = 2999 | Ban fruit- and candy-flavoured e-cigarettes* n = 2996 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % support | OR (95% CI) | % support | OR (95% CI) | % support | OR (95% CI) | % support | OR (95% CI) | % support | OR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Female | 86.7 | 1.00 | 65.9 | 1.00 | 64.2 | 1.00 | 53.5 | 1.00 | 36.9 | 1.00 |
| Male | 85.6 | 0.87 (0.68–1.12) | 64.2 | 0.87 (0.72–1.04) | 62.8 | 0.92 (0.77–1.10) | 55.7 | 1.05 (0.88–1.26) | 41.8 | 1.13 (0.94–1.35) |
| Age group, yr | ||||||||||
| 18–24 | 83.2 | 1.00 | 64.0 | 1.00 | 59.9 | 1.00 | 51.7 | 1.00 | 27.8 | 1.00 |
| 25–39 | 83.0 | 1.00 (0.70–1.43) | 67.1 | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) | 66.4 | 1.20 (0.91–1.59) | 52.7 | 0.89 (0.68–1.16) | 34.0 | 1.15 (0.86–1.54) |
| 40–54 | 88.8 | 1.70 (1.16–2.50) | 66.2 | 1.23 (0.93–1.64) | 64.0 | 1.13 (0.86–1.50) | 56.6 | 1.13 (0.86–1.48) | 43.5 | 1.75 (1.31–2.34) |
| ≥ 55 | 87.4 | 1.49 (1.00–2.22) | 61.4 | 1.07 (0.79–1.45) | 61.1 | 1.08 (0.80–1.45) | 56.4 | 1.21 (0.90–1.63) | 47.1 | 2.08 (1.52–2.83) |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||||
| White | 86.0 | 1.00 | 64.3 | 1.00 | 63.2 | 1.00 | 55.7 | 1.00 | 40.2 | 1.00 |
| Other | 86.4 | 1.26 (0.87–1.80) | 67.9 | 1.17 (0.89–1.54) | 64.3 | 0.98 (0.75–1.28) | 49.8 | 0.74 (0.57–0.95) | 37.5 | 1.01 (0.77–1.32) |
| Household income | ||||||||||
| Low | 82.9 | 1.00 | 57.0 | 1.00 | 55.0 | 1.00 | 45.9 | 1.00 | 35.8 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 86.8 | 1.16 (0.81–1.66) | 69.1 | 1.55 (1.19–2.01) | 62.3 | 1.24 (0.96–1.60) | 57.0 | 1.44 (1.11–1.85) | 42.1 | 1.10 (0.84–1.44) |
| High | 87.2 | 1.18 (0.84–1.66) | 67.2 | 1.28 (0.99–1.64) | 67.5 | 1.45 (1.13–1.86) | 59.1 | 1.44 (1.12–1.84) | 41.9 | 1.01 (0.78–1.31) |
| No answer | 85.1 | 0.98 (0.58–1.68) | 53.5 | 0.77 (0.52–1.15) | 64.8 | 1.45 (0.98–2.15) | 42.3 | 0.82 (0.56–1.19) | 26.7 | 0.57 (0.37–0.87) |
| Education level | ||||||||||
| Low | 85.1 | 1.00 | 60.9 | 1.00 | 60.5 | 1.00 | 48.8 | 1.00 | 35.9 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 86.4 | 0.90 (0.66–1.22) | 64.2 | 0.96 (0.78–1.20) | 62.5 | 0.94 (0.75–1.17) | 53.5 | 1.08 (0.87–1.34) | 38.7 | 1.04 (0.83–1.30) |
| High | 86.6 | 0.84 (0.58–1.22) | 70.1 | 1.14 (0.87–1.49) | 67.8 | 1.02 (0.78–1.35) | 63.3 | 1.53 (1.17–2.00) | 45.7 | 1.42 (1.09–1.85) |
| Province/region | ||||||||||
| Quebec | 88.7 | 1.00 | 70.9 | 1.00 | 65.2 | 1.00 | 64.4 | 1.00 | 41.8 | 1.00 |
| Atlantic | 86.1 | 0.78 (0.47–1.29) | 66.7 | 0.85 (0.58–1.26) | 65.0 | 0.94 (0.64–1.39) | 54.2 | 0.61 (0.42–0.90) | 45.0 | 1.07 (0.72–1.59) |
| Ontario | 84.4 | 0.64 (0.46–0.89) | 62.5 | 0.67 (0.53–0.86) | 62.2 | 0.79 (0.62–1.00) | 50.9 | 0.54 (0.43–0.68) | 39.9 | 0.90 (0.71–1.13) |
| Prairie | 88.2 | 0.93 (0.52–1.65) | 60.9 | 0.65 (0.44–0.96) | 63.5 | 0.88 (0.60–1.29) | 50.7 | 0.56 (0.39–0.81) | 36.9 | 0.88 (0.59–1.31) |
| Alberta | 83.3 | 0.55 (0.35–0.88) | 59.8 | 0.57 (0.41–0.80) | 57.2 | 0.62 (0.44–0.86) | 45.7 | 0.42 (0.30–0.58) | 32.8 | 0.66 (0.47–0.93) |
| British Columbia | 86.9 | 0.72 (0.46–1.14) | 65.9 | 0.72 (0.52–1.00) | 69.3 | 1.14 (0.82–1.59) | 59.6 | 0.79 (0.57–1.08) | 41.7 | 0.99 (0.72–1.36) |
| Smoking status | ||||||||||
| Less than daily smoker | 87.1 | 1.00 | 75.0 | 1.00 | 72.9 | 1.00 | 63.1 | 1.00 | 42.7 | 1.00 |
| Daily smoker | 85.7 | 0.90 (0.63–1.28) | 61.0 | 0.53 (0.41–0.68) | 59.7 | 0.67 (0.51–0.86) | 51.7 | 0.69 (0.54–0.88) | 38.7 | 0.71 (0.55–0.91) |
| E-cigarette use status | ||||||||||
| Never tried | 87.1 | 1.00 | 66.0 | 1.00 | 72.0 | 1.00 | 61.8 | 1.00 | 49.6 | 1.00 |
| Tried but does not currently use | 85.8 | 0.89 (0.61–1.29) | 65.3 | 1.02 (0.77–1.34) | 57.1 | 0.52 (0.40–0.69) | 49.8 | 0.64 (0.49–0.84) | 38.4 | 0.68 (0.52–0.88) |
| Less than weekly user | 86.0 | 1.04 (0.75–1.44) | 64.1 | 0.86 (0.68–1.10) | 62.1 | 0.58 (0.45–0.74) | 51.8 | 0.66 (0.52–0.83) | 33.5 | 0.56 (0.44–0.70) |
| Weekly user | 79.7 | 0.64 (0.43–0.94) | 66.1 | 0.96 (0.70–1.30) | 48.7 | 0.35 (0.26–0.47) | 48.0 | 0.56 (0.41–0.75) | 25.7 | 0.36 (0.26–0.50) |
| Daily user | 86.9 | 1.04 (0.64–1.70) | 57.3 | 0.61 (0.43–0.87) | 4.50 | 0.29 (0.21–0.42) | 49.3 | 0.54 (0.37–0.77) | 30.5 | 0.42 (0.29–0.62) |
| No. of cigarettes per day | ||||||||||
| ≤ 10 | 87.0 | 1.00 | 69.8 | 1.00 | 69.1 | 1.00 | 59.4 | 1.00 | 40.5 | 1.00 |
| 11–20 | 86.5 | 0.87 (0.61–1.23) | 61.9 | 0.88 (0.69–1.12) | 59.3 | 0.73 (0.58–0.93) | 52.8 | 0.85 (0.67–1.08) | 39.2 | 0.92 (0.72–1.18) |
| 21–30 | 81.8 | 0.61 (0.39–0.93) | 51.5 | 0.59 (0.43–0.81) | 49.9 | 0.54 (0.39–0.74) | 40.3 | 0.50 (0.36–0.70) | 36.7 | 0.80 (0.57–1.12) |
| > 30 | 79.6 | 0.49 (0.22–1.08) | 56.2 | 0.80 (0.42–1.52) | 54.2 | 0.73 (0.38–1.41) | 50.8 | 0.85 (0.45–1.62) | 50.1 | 1.58 (0.86–2.90) |
| Plans to quit in next 6 mo | ||||||||||
| No | 83.6 | 1.00 | 57.0 | 1.00 | 58.7 | 1.00 | 48.6 | 1.00 | 30.3 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 87.0 | 1.40 (1.05–1.86) | 67.7 | 1.77 (1.44–2.19) | 65.1 | 1.57 (1.27–1.94) | 57.1 | 1.63 (1.33–2.01) | 43.3 | 2.12 (1.70–2.64) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio.
↵* Logistic regression models controlled for sex, age group, ethnicity, household income, education level, province/region, smoking status, e-cigarette use status, number of cigarettes smoked per day, plans to quit in next 6 months, perception of societal attitudes toward smoking and belief that smokers are increasingly marginalized.