| Characteristic | No. (%) of travellers* (n = 116) |
|---|---|
| Age, yr, mean ± SD | 36.4 ± 17.6 |
| Sex, female | 75 (65) |
| Education, university | 109 (94) |
| Canadian-born | 92 (79) |
| Premorbid conditions | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4 (3) |
| Urinary tract infection (< 1 yr before travel) | 8 (7) |
| Other | 5 (4) |
| Medications (6 mo before travel) | |
| Antibiotics | 13 (11) |
| Other | 22 (19) |
| Contact with health care system (6 mo before travel) | |
| Without hospital admission | 23 (20) |
| With hospital admission | 0 |
| Residence, rural | 4 (3) |
| Pets in home | 47 (40) |
| Travel within previous 6 mo | 27 (23) |
| Duration of current travel, d, range | 10-38 |
| ESBL-producing E. coli before travel | |
| Yes | 7 (6) |
| No | 109 (94) |
| Travel destination†‡ | |
| India | 90 (83) |
| Nepal (Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Pokhara) | 9 (8) |
| Pakistan (Lahore) | 1 (1) |
| Bangladesh (Dhaka) | 1 (1) |
| Sri Lanka (Colombo, Kandy, Galle) | 8 (7) |
| Reason for travel‡ | |
| Tourism | 93 (85) |
| Visiting friends and relatives | 4 (4) |
| Business | 12 (11) |
| With ESBL-producing E. coli after travel‡ | 70 (64) |
| To India (n = 90) | 66 (73) |
| To Nepal (n = 9) | 2 (22) |
| To Pakistan (n = 1) | 1 (100) |
| To Bangladesh (n = 1) | 1 (100) |
| To Sri Lanka (n = 8) | 0 |
Note: E. coli = Escherichia coli, ESBL = extended-spectrum β-lactamase, SD = standard deviation.
*Except where indicated otherwise.
†Destination cities in parentheses. For India, destination cities included Agra, Jaipur, Baihar, Amritsar, New Delhi, Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Chennai, Kochi, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Panjim.
‡Percentages are based on the 109 participants without ESBL-producing E. coli before travel.