Table 1: Relative risks of cancers associated with use of oral contraceptives and hormone therapy
ExposureCancer siteDetailed exposureRisk estimate (95% CI)Source
Oral contraceptives
BreastEver use1.08 (1.00-1.17)Gierisch et al. 20132
EndometriumEver use0.57 (0.43-0.77)Gierisch et al. 20132
OvaryEver use0.73 (0.66-0.81)Havrilesky et al. 20133
Hormone therapy*BreastEver use1.39 (1.12-1.72)Shah et al. 20055
BreastCurrent use1.66 (1.58-1.75)Beral 200327
EndometriumEver use0.78 (0.72-0.86)Brinton et al. 20146
EndometriumCurrent use0.75 (0.58-0.97)Beral et al. 200524
OvaryEver use1.20 (1.15-1.26)Beral et al. 20157
OvaryCurrent use1.41 (1.32-1.50)Beral et al. 20157

Note: CI = confidence interval.

*Continuous estrogen-progestin combined hormone therapy (progestins were included in the therapy for > 25 d/mo).