| Characteristic | No. of participants (%)* | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group n = 166 | Control group n = 166 | PRECISE control cohort† n = 332 | |
| Age, yr; mean ± SD | 52.4 ± 11.6 | 52.6 ± 11.6 | 54.0 ± 9.9 |
| No. of chronic diseases, mean ± SD | 5.1 ± 2.6 | 4.8 ± 2.2 | 4.8 ± 2.5 |
| Illness burden (DBMA score); mean ± SD | 11.0 ± 7.7 | 9.6 ± 6.3 | 9.7 ± 7.5 |
| Male | 88 (53.0) | 84 (50.6) | 174 (52.4) |
| Multimorbidity (≥ 2 conditions) | 159 (95.8) | 156 (94.0) | 313 (94.3) |
| Multimorbidity (≥ 3 conditions) | 139 (83.7) | 142 (85.5) | 271 (81.6) |
| Education level | |||
| Did not complete high school | 21 (12.7) | 38 (22.9) | 78 (23.5) |
| High school | 58 (34.9) | 52 (31.3) | 122 (36.7) |
| College | 48 (28.9) | 49 (29.5) | 73 (22.0) |
| University | 37 (22.3) | 27 (16.3) | 58 (17.5) |
| Missing data | 2 (1.2) | - | 1 (0.3) |
| Household income, Can$ | |||
| < 20 000 | 20 (12.0) | 21 (12.7) | 50 (15.1) |
| 20 000-49 999 | 58 (34.9) | 65 (39.2) | 132 (39.8) |
| ≥ 50 000 | 84 (50.6) | 77 (46.4) | 145 (43.7) |
| Missing data | 4 (2.4) | 3 (1.8) | 5 (1.5) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 114 (68.7) | 131 (78.9) | 219 (66.0) |
| Single or divorced | 42 (25.3) | 29 (17.4) | 98 (29.56) |
| Widowed | 10 (6.0) | 6 (3.6) | 15 (4.5) |
| Employment | |||
| Employed | 97 (58.4) | 95 (57.2) | 167 (50.3) |
| Unemployed | 23 (13.9) | 30 (18.1) | 71 (21.4) |
| Retired | 44 (26.5) | 40 (24.1) | 94 (28.3) |
| Missing data | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.6) | - |
Note: DBMA = Disease Burden Morbidity Assessment, PRECISE = Program of Research on the Evolution of a Cohort Investigating Health System Effects, SD = standard deviation.
*Unless otherwise specified.
†Control group used in the controlled before-and-after design.