Table 1: Baseline characteristics of patients with stable angina, by initial treatment strategy Table 1: Baseline characteristics of patients with stable angina, by initial treatment strategy

Variable	% of patients*			p value (medical therapy v. revascularization)	% of patients*
Variable	Total n = 39 126	Medical therapy n = 15 138	Revascularization n = 23 988	p value (medical therapy v. revascularization)	PCI n = 15 601	CABG n = 8387
Patient-level factors
Demographics
Age, mean ± SD, yr	66.0 ± 10.3	67.0 ± 10.2	65.3 ± 10.3	< 0.001	65.0 ± 10.7	66.0 ± 9.7
Sex, male	75.3	74.3	75.9	< 0.001	72.9	81.3
Rural residence	14.5	14.4	14.5	0.7	14.6	14.5
Income quintile				< 0.001
1 (lowest)	18.6	19.6	17.9		18.4	17.1
2	20.4	20.4	20.4		20.4	20.6
3	20.2	20.3	20.2		20.3	19.9
4	20.7	20.2	21.0		20.8	21.3
5 (highest)	20.1	19.4	20.5		20.2	21.1
Medical comorbidities
PVD	9.4	11.5	8.1	< 0.001	7.6	9.0
Previous MI	28.1	35.8	23.3	< 0.001	24.8	20.4
COPD	6.9	8.6	5.8	< 0.001	6.1	5.1
Charlson Comorbidity Index score, mean ± SD	0.9 ± 1.3	1.1 ± 1.5	0.8 ± 1.2	< 0.001	0.7 ± 1.3	0.8 ± 1.2
Cardiac risk factors
Diabetes	44.0	48.0	41.4	< 0.001	40.5	43.1
Hypertension	86.7	89.5	84.9	< 0.001	84.9	85.1
Hyperlipidemia	80.8	83.0	79.5	< 0.001	79.9	78.7
History of smoking	31.6	33.2	30.5	< 0.001	30.3	31.0
Cardiac status/testing
Native stenosis†
LM	13.0	10.8	14.4	< 0.001	5.5	31.0
Proximal LAD	33.2	28.7	36.0	< 0.001	29.7	47.6
Mid/distal LAD	49.6	47.5	51.0	< 0.001	46.0	60.3
Circumflex	51.5	50.9	51.9	0.07	43.6	67.2
RCA	60.8	60.5	60.9	0.4	54.7	72.6
Had previous CABG				< 0.001
Yes	18.0	30.1	10.4		15.1	1.6
No	81.9	69.9	89.5		84.9	98.2
LV function				< 0.001
≤ 34%	5.4	8.4	3.5		3.3	4.0
35%-49%	12.9	16.0	11.0		10.6	11.7
≥ 50%	48.6	46.5	50.0		49.7	50.5
NA	33.0	29.1	35.5		36.4	33.8
Exercise ECG risk				< 0.001
High risk	27.7	21.3	31.7		28.8	37.1
Low risk	22.4	22.9	22.2		23.0	20.7
Uninterpretable	4.9	4.8	4.9		5.3	4.2
NA	45.0	51.1	41.2		42.9	38.0
Patient-level factors cont'd
Cardiac status/testing cont'd
Functional imaging risk				< 0.001
High risk	32.0	31.2	32.6		31.1	35.3
Low risk	23.0	25.1	21.7		23.2	19.1
Unknown/NA	44.9	43.7	45.7		45.7	45.7
CCS class				< 0.001
0	16.5	22.0	13.0		11.3	16.2
1	14.0	15.9	12.8		12.3	13.8
2	38.3	35.5	40.0		40.8	38.5
3	28.5	24.2	31.1		32.3	29.0
4	2.8	2.4	3.0		3.3	2.5
Physician-level factors
Referral physician				0.01
Family physician	25.7	26.1	25.5		25.6	25.3
Cardiology	41.4	40.5	14.9		42.1	41.6
Internal medicine	9.4	9.3	9.6		9.1	10.4
Other	6.6	6.8	6.5		6.2	7.0
Missing	16.9	17.4	16.5		17.0	15.6
Hospital-level factors
Annual no. of catheterization procedures, mean ± SD	4092.3 ± 1696.4	4031.3 ± 1684.3	4130.9 ± 1702.9	< 0.001	4120.9 ± 1702.6	4149.5 ± 1703.6
Hospital type				< 0.001
Catheterization only	13.2	13.6	13.0		13.4	12.2
PCI and catheterization only	6.1	7.2	5.4		5.0	6.1
CABG, PCI and catheterization	80.8	79.3	81.7		81.7	81.8

CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting, Cath = catheterization, CCS = Canadian Cardiovascular Society, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ECG = electrocardiogram, LAD = left anterior descending, LM = left main, LV = left ventricular, MI = myocardial infarction, NA = not done, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, PVD = peripheral vascular disease, RCA = right coronary artery.

*Unless stated otherwise.

†LM if ≥ 50% stenosis, proximal LAD if ≥ 70% stenosis, mid/distal LAD if ≥ 70% stenosis, circumflex if ≥ 70% stenosis, RCA if ≥ 70% stenosis.