Equation | Exposure |
---|---|
Equation 1: PAR = (Pe (RR - 1))/(1 + [Pe (RR - 1)]) | Tobacco (passive) Ultraviolet radiation Disinfection by-products Low vitamin D High salt intake Low dietary calcium intake |
Equation 2: PAR = Pc ((RR - 1))/RR | Helicobacter pylori Epstein-Barr virus Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus |
Equation 3: PAR = Pc | Human papillomavirus for all cancer sites except cervix |
Equation 4: PAR = ((Pe1 × ERR1) + (Pe2 × ERR2) + … + (Pex × ERRx))/(1 + ((Pe1 × ERR1) + (Pe2 × ERR2) + … + (Pex × ERRx)) ) | Tobacco (active) Oral contraceptives Hormone replacement therapy Overweight/obesity Low fruit and vegetable intake Red/processed meat intake High alcohol intake Low dietary fibre intake Physical activity/inactivity |
Individualized methods | Air pollution Radon Insufficient fruit and vegetable intake Red/processed meat intake Insufficient fibre intake Alcohol consumption |