| Outcome; contrast (regression type) | Association measure (95% CI) | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Injury severity | ||
| Remote v. inland geographic zone (linear) | Beta -2.31 (-4.14 to -0.47) | Living in a remote community was associated with higher injury severity (initial GCS score) |
| Protective equipment use (linear) | Beta 1.19 (-0.30 to 2.69) | Although effect size was not statistically significant, it suggests that use of protective equipment was associated with lower injury severity (initial GCS score) |
| Functional outcome | ||
| Protective equipment use (proportional odds) | OR 4.79 (1.12 to 20.48) | Use of protective equipment was associated with better functional outcomes (6-mo GOS score) |
| Initial GCS score (proportional odds) | OR 1.80 (1.35 to 2.39) | Higher initial GCS score was associated with better functional outcomes (6-mo GOS score) |
| Use of rehabilitation services | ||
| Initial GCS score (Poisson with robust variance) | RR 0.82 (0.70 to 0.95) | Lower initial GCS score was associated with greater use of rehabilitation services |
| Motor-vehicle collision v. fall (Poisson with robust variance) | RR 2.91 (1.04 to 8.17) | Being involved in a motor vehicle collision was associated with greater use of rehabilitation services |
Note: CI = confidence interval, GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale, GOS = Glasgow Outcome Scale, OR = odds ratio, RR = risk ratio.
*Depending on the model selection results, the following covariates were included in the models: age, sex, initial GCS score, 6-mo GOS score, comorbid conditions, geographic zone, use of rehabilitation services, use of protective equipment, polytrauma status, year of injury and alcohol intoxication status. Appendix 7 (available at www.cmajopen.ca/content/4/2/E249/suppl/DC1) shows the full regression model outputs for each of these multiple imputation regression models, along with complete-case regression model outputs for comparison.