Case | Location and circumstances around presentation and death | Drug(s) believed to have been consumed | Postmortem findings |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Took drugs at home; became unwell, friend called 911; died in ER | Ecstasy | Pulmonary edema, CAD |
2 | Took ecstasy alone; found 9 hours later; died in ER after unsuccessful resuscitation | Ecstasy | Rapid rigor mortis |
3 | Took pills alone, felt unwell and self-presented to ER; died in ICU | Ecstasy | Cerebral edema, pulmonary edema |
4 | Took ecstasy with friends; became unresponsive; transported to ER in private vehicle; died in ICU | Ecstasy | Cerebral edema, ascites, pleural effusion |
5 | At house party after taking drugs; became unresponsive; transported to hospital via EMS; died in ICU | Ecstasy | Rhabdomyolysis |
6 | Found unresponsive at house party; transported to hospital via EMS; had cardiac arrest, died in ICU | Ecstasy, alcohol | No autopsy |
7 | At house party; found unresponsive after last seen 1.5 hours earlier; transported to hospital via EMS, had cardiac arrest; died in ICU | Ecstasy | No autopsy |
8 | Found dead in bed at home | Unknown | Trivial soft-tissue abrasions |
9 | At house party with friends; became unwell; cardiac arrest after intubation with EMS; died in ICU | 8 tabs of ecstasy | Lung congestion, patchy pneumonia |
10 | Watching live performance; became unwell; cardiac arrest with EMS; died in ER after unsuccessful resuscitation | 1–2 g of MDMA, cocaine | Cardiomegaly, spleen congestion |
11 | At nightclub; became unwell; transported to ER in private vehicle; died in ICU | 6 tablets of MDMA, hallucinogenic mushrooms, LSD | No autopsy |
12 | Found dead at home | Unknown | Pulmonary congestion, cerebral edema, mottled myocardium, cardiomegaly |
13 | Friend noticed patient acting abnormally; transported to hospital in private vehicle after seizure; died in ER | 2 snorts of MDMA/ecstasy powder | Congestion of heart, lungs and liver |
14 | Took drugs at house party; found unconscious outside at nearby property; died in ER after unsuccessful resuscitation | Unknown amount of white powder believed to be ecstasy | Congestion of heart, lungs, liver and spleen, cerebral edema |
15 | At a bar with friends; that night at home had a witnessed seizure, followed by cardiac arrest; pronounced dead upon EMS arrival | Unknown | Pulmonary edema, congestion of heart, liver and spleen, cerebral edema |
16 | Took 2 doses of ecstasy at bar; began acting strange upon return home with friends; had seizure en route to hospital with EMS, and cardiac arrest in ER; died in ER after unsuccessful resuscitation | 2 pills of ecstasy | Pulmonary edema, kidney and spleen congestion, interstitial hemorrhage in heart |
17 | At home with friends drinking and taking drugs; found dead the next morning | Cocaine, MDMA, alcohol | Fatty liver, unremarkable post mortem |
18 | At a house party; felt unwell, called 911; cardiac arrest soon after EMS arrival; died in ER after unsuccessful resuscitation | Unknown white powder snorted | Rib and sternal fractures, pulmonary edema, advanced cirrhosis, enlarged spleen |
19 | Took MDMA powder the night before; felt unwell; found unresponsive the next afternoon; pronounced dead with EMS | 1.5 g of MDMA rolled in paper and ingested | Cerebral and pulmonary edema |
20 | Took drugs throughout the night at home; had cardiac arrest; died in ER after unsuccessful resuscitation | MDMA, cocaine | Pulmonary congestion, cardiomegaly, nephrosclerosis |
21 | At party the night before with friends; found dead at home the next day | Ecstasy, cocaine | Edema and congestion of lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys |
22 | Last seen 3 days earlier; police/EMS attended; pronounced dead at the scene | Unknown | Pulmonary congestion |
23 | Partying with friends the night before; no history of drug use; found dead the next day | Unknown | Pulmonary edema |
24 | Last seen 3 days prior. Police/EMS attended, dead on scene. | Cocaine, alcohol | Congestion of lung, liver, spleen and kidneys |
25 | At house party; took multiple doses of MDMA through the night by snorting and ingestion; became confused and unresponsive; friends called 911; died in ER after unsuccessful resuscitation | 0.5 g of MDMA | Pulmonary congestion |
26 | At party with friends; EMS called; cardiac arrest after intubation; resuscitated in ER, died in ICU | 7 tabs of MDMA | No autopsy |
27 | At concert; took drugs and alcohol; pronounced dead at home with EMS | MDMA, cocaine, alcohol | No autopsy |
Note: CAD = coronary artery disease, EMS = emergency medical services, ER = emergency department, ICU = intensive care unit, LSD = lysergic acid diethylamide, MDMA = methylenedioxymethamphetamine.