| Comorbidity* | Adjusted prevalence ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | 1.09 | (1.07–1.11) |
| Diabetes | 1.30 | (1.25–1.34) |
| Depression | 1.68 | (1.62–1.74) |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.19 | (1.15–1.23) |
| Dementia | 1.11 | (1.03–1.19) |
| Epilepsy | 1.68 | (1.43–1.98) |
| Parkinsonism | 0.90 | (0.73–1.11) |
Note: CI = confidence interval. *We modelled the probability of each of the comorbid conditions, for which the predictor is COPD (yes/no), along with age and sex. Interpretation: People with COPD are 1.09 times as likely to be hypertensive as people without COPD, and so on.