| HIV-1 infection subtype | CD4 cell count, cells/μL | |
|---|---|---|
| Initial* (95%CI) | Change per year† (95%CI) | |
| Mixed model for patients of African ancestry | ||
| B | 477 (447 to 507) | –35 (–42 to –28) |
| A | 392 (353 to 430) | –23 (–35 to –12) |
| AE | 348 (173 to 523)‡ | –146 (–386 to 95)‡ |
| AG | 398 (361 to 435) | –23 (–35 to –11) |
| C | 395 (366 to 425) | –19 (–27 to –11) |
| G | 413 (361 to 465) | –13 (–31 to 5) |
| Mixed model for patients of other ethnicities | ||
| B | 492 (469 to 516) | –49 (–51 to –47) |
| A | 480 (441 to 519) | –49 (–59 to –38) |
| AE | 484 (447 to 522) | –50 (–60 to –40) |
| AG | 505 (462 to 548) | –41 (–54 to –27) |
| C | 489 (454 to 524) | –52 (–62 to –43) |
| G | 468 (406 to 530) | –60 (–82 to –38) |
Note: Separate mixed models were fit to the original CD4 cell counts for patients of African ancestry and other ethnicities, with a random intercept and random slope for each patient. CI = confidence interval. *Covariate adjustment implies a reference patient treated in a Canadian cohort who is male, 35 years old, not infected through injection drug use and with an initial HIV RNA measurement of 4 log 10 copies. †For example, these estimates imply that a reference patient of African ancestry with viral subtype C and a CD4 cell count of 395 cells/μL would take, on average, 2.4 yr to reach a CD4 cell count below 350 cells/μL ((395 – 350)/19), whereas a reference patient of another ethnicity with viral subtype B and a CD4 cell count of 492 cells/μL would take, on average, 2.9 yr to reach this threshold ((492 – 350)/49). Applying the mixed models for square root CD4 cell count to the first of these two patients, it would take 1.2 yr for the first patient to reach a threshold of 350 cells/μL, whereas the second patient would take 2.5 yr. However, the first patient would take 9.3 yr to reach a threshold of 200 cells/μL, whereas the second patient would take 6.2 yr. ‡Few patients of African ancestry had viral subtype AE, therefore, these point estimates are unreliable.