RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Association between new-onset anosmia and positive SARS-CoV-2 tests among people accessing outpatient testing in Toronto, Ontario: a retrospective cross-sectional study
JF CMAJ Open
JO CMAJ
FD Canadian Medical Association
SP E1134
OP E1140
DO 10.9778/cmajo.20210085
VO 9
IS 4
A1 Braden O’Neill
A1 Sumeet Kalia
A1 Peter Gill
A1 Susan Hum
A1 Carla Moran-Venegas
A1 Rebecca Stoller
A1 Michelle Greiver
A1 Payal Agarwal
A1 Abirami Kirubarajan
A1 Samuel DeKoven
A1 David Eisen
A1 Andrew Pinto
A1 Sheila Dunn
YR 2021
UL http://www.cmajopen.ca/content/9/4/E1134.abstract
AB Background: Reports have suggested that anosmia is strongly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but patients were often asked about this symptom after their diagnosis. This study assessed associations between prospectively reported anosmia and other symptoms related to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and SARS-CoV-2 positivity in community testing centres in Toronto, Ontario.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in which data were collected from 2 COVID-19 assessment centres affiliated with 2 hospitals in Toronto, Ontario, from Apr. 5 to Sept. 30, 2020. We included symptomatic profiles of all people who underwent a SARS-CoV-2 test at either clinic within the study period. We used generalized estimating equations to account for repeat visits and to assess associations between anosmia and other symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 positivity.Results: A total of 83 443 SARS-CoV-2 tests were conducted across the 2 sites for 72 692 participants during the study period. Of all tests, 1640 (2.0%) were positive; 837 (51.0%) of people who tested positive were asymptomatic. The adjusted odds ratio for the association between anosmia and test positivity was 5.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.50–6.22), with sensitivity of 0.138 (95% CI 0.121–0.154), specificity of 0.980 (95% CI 0.979–0.981), a positive predictive value of 0.120 (95% CI 0.106–0.135) and a negative predictive value of 0.983 (95% CI 0.982–0.984).Interpretation: Anosmia had high specificity and a positive predictive value of 12% for SARS-CoV-2 infection in this community population with low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity. The presence of anosmia should increase clinical suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and our findings suggest that people presenting with this symptom should be tested.