Article Figures & Tables
Tables
- Table 1:
Summary of participating hospitals that provided detailed patient information, Mar. 1–Aug. 31, 2020
Province No. of reporting hospitals
n = 49No. (%) of cases
n = 1906British Columbia 4 20 (1.0) Alberta 7 283 (14.8) Saskatchewan 4 32 (1.7) Manitoba 2 13 (0.7) Ontario 13 439 (23.0) Quebec 5 1073 (56.3) Nova Scotia 5 28 (1.5) Newfoundland and Labrador 7 18 (0.9) Prince Edward Island 2 0 (0.0) - Table 2:
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients in hospital with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, Mar. 1–Aug. 31, 2020
Characteristic No./total no. (%) of cases;* age group, yr p value† All cases
n = 1906< 18
n = 3718−39
n = 17440–59
n = 41660–79
n = 638≥ 80
n = 638Age,‡ median (IQR) 71 (55–83) 4 (1−14) 32 (27–35) 53 (47–56) 71 (65–75) 87 (83–91) Sex, male 989/1888 (52.4) 17/37 (46.0) 67/173 (38.7) 252/414 (60.9) 376/630 (59.7) 277/632 (43.8) < 0.001 Health care worker§ 79/740 (10.6) N/A 14/168 (8.3) 52/403 (12.9) 13/172 (7.5)§§ NA < 0.001 Underlying medical conditions Any condition 1610/1876 (85.8) 18/36 (50.0) 123/168 (73.2) 289/411 (70.3) 567/630 (90.0) 610/628 (97.1) < 0.001 Chronic heart disease¶ 948/1876 (50.5) 2/36 (5.6) 13/168 (7.7) 127/411 (30.9) 360/630 (57.1) 445/628 (70.9) < 0.001 Diabetes 521/1876 (27.8) 1/36 (2.8) 16/168 (9.5) 89/411 (21.7) 215/630 (34.1) 200/628 (31.8) < 0.001 Lung disease 370/1876 (19.7) 2/36 (5.6) 15/168 (8.9) 63/411 (15.3) 127/630 (20.2) 163/628 (26.0) < 0.001 Kidney disease 212/1876 (11.3) 1/36 (2.8) 6/168 (3.6) 31/411 (7.5) 69/630 (11.0) 105/628 (16.7) < 0.001 Other immunosuppression** 73/1876 (3.9) 1/36 (2.8) 5/168 (3.0) 14/411 (3.4) 31/630 (4.9) 22/628 (3.5) 0.6 Cancer 106/1876 (5.7) 3/36 (8.3) 2/168 (1.2) 13/411 (3.2) 50/630 (7.9) 38/628 (6.1) 0.001 Neurologic disorder†† 127/1876 (6.8) 3/36 (8.3) 13/168 (7.7) 28/411 (6.8) 50/630 (7.9) 33/628 (5.3) 0.4 Liver disease 54/1876 (2.9) 0/36 (0.0) 5/168 (3.0) 15/411 (3.6) 25/630 (4.0) 9/628 (1.4) 0.05 Obesity (body mass index ≥ 30) 71/1403 (5.1) 1/36 (3.7) 10/168 (7.6) 23/411 (7.3) 29/630 (6.0) 8/628 (3.7) 0.004 Pregnant 57/130 (43.8)¶¶ NA NA NA NA NA NA Symptoms Any symptom 1746/1871 (98.3) 26/37 (70.3) 147/167 (88.0) 389/411 (94.7) 594/624 (95.2) 587/629 (93.3) < 0.001 Cough 1034/1871 (55.3) 12/37 (32.4) 99/167 (59.3) 278/411 (67.6) 372/624 (59.6) 271/629 (43.1) < 0.001 Fever 1032/1871 (55.2) 15/37 (40.5) 87/167 (52.1) 268/411 (65.2) 374/624 (59.9) 287/629 (45.6) < 0.001 Shortness of breath 967/1871 (51.7) 7/37 (18.9) 80/167 (47.9) 247/411 (60.1) 359/624 (57.5) 274/629 (43.6) < 0.001 Pain 386/1871 (20.7) 4/37 (10.8) 57/167 (34.1) 144/411 (35.0) 114/624 (18.3) 67/629 (10.7) < 0.001 Hypoxia 361/1871 (19.3) 0/37 (0.0) 16/167 (9.6) 70/411 (17.0) 110/624 (17.6) 156/629 (26.2) < 0.001 Weakness 350/1871 (18.7) 2/37 (5.4) 17/167 (10.2) 75/411 (18.2) 112/624 (17.9) 144/629 (22.9) < 0.001 Diarrhea 344/1871 (18.4) 5/37 (13.5) 34/167 (20.4) 101/411 (24.6) 116/624 (18.6) 88/629 (14.0) < 0.001 Fatigue 301/1871 (16.1) 0/37 (0.0) 25/167 (15.0) 68/411 (16.6) 112/624 (18.0) 96/629 (15.3) 0.006 Altered mental status‡‡ 250/1871 (13.4) 0/37 (0.0) 5/167 (2.3) 21/411 (5.1) 78/624 (12.5) 145/629 (23.1) < 0.001 Vomiting or nausea 213/1871 (11.4) 5/37 (13.5) 28/167 (16.8) 57/411 (13.9) 81/624 (13.0) 42/629 (6.7) 0.001 Headache 174/1871 (9.3) 2/37 (5.4) 30/167 (18.0) 69/411 (16.8) 57/624 (9.1) 15/629 (2.4) < 0.001 Sore throat 156/1871 (8.3) 4/37 (10.8) 26/167 (15.6) 41/411 (10.0) 58/624 (9.3) 26/629 (4.1) < 0.001 Chills 110/1871 (5.9) 0/37 (0.0) 12/167 (7.2) 38/411 (9.3) 46/624 (7.4) 14/629 (2.2) < 0.001 Loss of smell or taste 84/1871 (4.5) 1/37 (2.7) 18/167 (10.8) 35/411 (8.5) 23/624 (3.7) 7/629 (1.1) < 0.001 Location where COVID-19 was acquired Community 1064/1894 (56.2) 34/37 (91.9) 147/172 (85.5) 347/413 (84.0) 376/632 (59.5) 159/637 (25.0) < 0.001 Hospital 121/1894 (6.4) 1/37 (2.7) 8/172 (4.7) 11/413 (2.7) 45/632 (7.1) 56/637 (8.8) Other health care exposure (e.g., long-term care facility) 622/1894 (32.8) 0/37 (0.0) 2/172 (1.2) 24/413 (5.8) 186/632 (29.4) 408/637 (64.1) Unknown 87/1894 (4.6) 2/37 (5.4) 15/172 (8.7) 31/413 (7.5) 25/632 (4.0) 14/637 (2.2) Note: COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, IQR = interquartile range, NA = not applicable.
↵* Unless indicated otherwise.
↵† χ2 tests were used to compare proportions.
↵‡ Age is missing for 3 cases.
↵§ Restricted to adult patients aged 18–65 yr.
↵¶ Includes hypertension.
↵** Includes congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, chemotherapy, use of immunosuppressive drugs and chronic use of high-dose systemic steroids (≥ 2 mg/kg or ≥ 20 mg/d prednisone or equivalent for > 2 wk).
↵†† Includes moderate to profound intellectual disability or developmental delay; epilepsy or cerebral palsy if accompanied by moderate to profound intellectual disability or developmental delay; neuromuscular disorders (e.g., muscular dystrophy), when associated with impaired respiratory function; or other neurologic disorders associated with impaired pulmonary function or difficulty handling lung secretions or both.
↵‡‡ Includes confusion and delirium.
↵§§ Age group restricted to 60–65 yr.
↵¶¶ Restricted to females aged 15–44 yr.
- Table 3:
Treatment, interventions and outcomes of patients in hospital with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, Mar. 1−Aug. 31, 2020
Treatment, intervention or outcome No./total no. (%) of cases; age group, yr* All cases
n = 1906< 18
n = 3718−39
n = 17440–59
n = 41660–79
n = 638≥ 80
n = 638p value† Antimicrobials Any antimicrobial 1154/1785 (64.6) 5/37 (13.5) 77/157 (49.0) 264/384 (68.8) 412/586 (70.3) 395/618 (63.9) < 0.001 Ceftriaxone 798/1785 (44.7) 4/37 (10.8) 52/157 (33.1) 182/384 (47.4) 287/586 (49.0) 272/618 (44.0) < 0.001 Azithromycin 875/1785 (49.1) 1/37 (2.7) 60/157 (38.2) 210/384 (54.7) 325/586 (55.5) 278/618 (45.0) < 0.001 Piperacillin/tazobactam 318/1785 (17.8) 1/37 (2.7) 15/157 (9.6) 49/384 (12.8) 127/586 (21.7) 125/618 (20.2) < 0.001 Doxycycline 177/1785 (9.9) 0/37 (0.0) 5/157 (3.2) 23/384 (6.0) 63/586 (10.8) 86/618 (13.9) < 0.001 Vancomycin 138/1785 (7.7) 1/37 (2.7) 12/157 (7.6) 25/384 (6.5) 65/586 (11.1) 35/618 (5.7) 0.004 Amoxicillin/clavulanate 125/1785 (7.0) 2/37 (5.4) 8/157 (5.1) 27/384 (7.0) 50/586 (8.5) 37/618 (6.0) 0.4 Meropenem 91/1785 (5.1) 0/37 (0) 2/157 (1.3) 26/384 (4.2) 43/586 (7.3) 30/618 (4.9) 0.009 Cefazolin 45/1785 (2.5) 0/37 (0) 5/157 (3.2) 12/384 (3.1) 17 / 586 (2.9) 11/618 (1.8) 0.5 Antivirals‡ Any antiviral 156/1764 (8.9) 1/36 (2.8) 10/162 (6.2) 44/384 (11.5) 64/574 (11.2) 37/605 (6.1) < 0.001 Oseltamivir 137/1764 (7.8) 0/36 (0.0) 9/162 (5.6) 33/384 (8.6) 61/574 (10.6) 34/605 (5.6) 0.005 Other treatment Hydroxychloroquine 302/1785 (16.9) 0/37 20/157 (12.7) 76/384 (19.8) 122/586 (20.8) 83/618 (13.4) < 0.001 Corticosteroids 185/1785 (10.4) 0/37 12/157 (7.6) 39/384 (10.2) 70/586 (11.9) 64/618 (10.4) 0.1 ICU admission and interventions ICU admission 437/1878 (23.3) 6/37(16.2) 40/172 (23.3) 142/411 (34.5) 203/628 (32.3) 46/627 (7.3) < 0.001 Invasive mechanical ventilation 274/1883 (14.6) 1/37 (2.7) 21/170 (12.4) 93/413 (22.5) 140/632 (22.2) 19/628 (3.0) < 0.001 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 13/1881 (0.7) NR NR NR NR NR NR Dialysis as a result of COVID-19 49/1834 (2.7) 0/37 (0.0) 1/165 (0.6) 12/405 (3.0) 31/617 (5.0) 5/609 (0.8) < 0.001 30-d outcome < 0.001 Still in hospital 272/1896 (14.3) 2/37 (5.4) 8/173 (4.6) 42/414 (10.1) 112/633 (17.7) 108/636 (17.0) NA Discharged 1127/1896 (59.4) 34/37 (91.9) 155/173 (89.6) 335/414 (80.9) 369/633 (58.3) 232/636 (36.5) NA Transferred 134/1896 (7.1) 1/37 (2.7) 6/173 (3.5) 20/414 (4.8) 42/633 (6.6) 64/636 (10.1) NA Death (all causes) 365/1896 (19.3) 0/37 (0.0) 4/173 (2.3) 17/414 (4.1) 110//633 (17.4) 234/636 (36.8) NA Death (attributable mortality§) 300/1855 (16.2) 0/37 (0.0) 3/173 (1.7) 14/412 (3.4) 87/619 (14.1) 196/611 (32.1) < 0.001 Note: COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, ICU = intensive care unit, NA = not applicable, NR = data not reported because of small numbers.
↵* Age is missing for 3 cases.
↵† Fisher–Freeman–Halton exact tests and χ2 tests were used to compare proportions.
↵‡ The following antivirals were less commonly received: lopinavir–ritonavir (14/1764, 0.8%), ritonavir (13/1764, 0.7%), remdesivir (2/1764, 0.1%) and ribavirin (2/1764, 0.1%).
↵§ Defined as COVID-19 being the cause of death or contributing to death.
In this issue
Article tools
