Temporal and spatial effect of air pollution on hospital admissions for myocardial infarction: a case-crossover study

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.

Departments of Community Health Sciences (Liu, Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Rabi, Ghali, James, Kaplan) and of Geography (Liu, Bertazzon), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine & Performing Arts (Bertazzon), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Neuroscience, and CHAIM Research Centre (Villeneuve), Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont.; Air Health Science Division (Johnson), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Stieb), Health Canada, Vancouver, BC; Departments of Medicine (Coward, Tanyingoh, Windsor, Underwood, Hill, Rabi, Wilton, James, Kaplan); of Clinical Neurosciences (Hill, Ghali); and of Cardiac Sciences (Wilton), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Graham, McMurtry), University of Alberta; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (McMurtry), Edmonton, Alta.