Age, mean (95% CI), yr | 46.2 (45.6-46.7) | 48.4 (47.9-49.0) |
Sex | | |
Male | 36.3 | 63.7 |
Female | 47.7 | 52.3 |
Years of formal education, mean (95% CI) | 13.3 (13.2-13.4) | 13.3 (13.2-13.4) |
Smoking-related illness, % | | |
Heart disease, heart attack, heart failure, stroke | 11.6 | 10.3 |
Diabetes | 13.8 | 12.4 |
Cancer | 4.0 | 3.7 |
COPD | 11.7 | 5.9 |
Cigarettes per day, mean (95% CI) | 17.5 (17.1-17.9) | 15.8 (15.5-16.2) |
No. of years smoking, mean (95% CI) | 26.5 (25.9-27.1) | 28.3 (27.8-28.9) |
Time (min) to first cigarette in the morning‡ | | |
> 60 | 16.2 | 22.7 |
31-60 | 17.6 | 20.4 |
6-30 | 34.4 | 35.6 |
≤ 5 | 31.8 | 21.3 |
Readiness to quit§ | | |
Ready in next 30 d | 29.8 | 30.3 |
Ready in next 6 mo | 41.7 | 40.6 |
Not ready | 28.5 | 29.2 |
Cessation self-efficacy, mean score (95% CI)¶ | 4.9 (4.7-5.0) | 5.3 (5.2-5.4) |