Age, yr, mean ± SD | 60.3 ± 16.4 | 65.3 ± 15.3 | < 0.001 |
Sex, % female | 3 431 (42.4) | 9498 (40.1) | < 0.001 |
Body mass index, mean ± SD | 26.8 ± 5.7 | 27.7 ± 6.8 | < 0.001 |
Self-reported ethnic origin | | | < 0.001 |
White | 5 542 (68.5) | 17 268 (72.9) | |
East Asian | 712 (8.8) | 1 374 (5.8) | |
Black | 291 (3.6) | 734 (3.1) | |
South Asian | 364 (4.5) | 900 (3.8) | |
Aboriginal | 429 (5.3) | 1 327 (5.6) | |
Other | 396 (4.9) | 1 350 (5.7) | |
Unknown | 357 (4.4) | 734 (3.1) | |
Predialysis care > 30 d, % of patients | 7 387 (91.3) | 17 481 (73.8) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities, % of patients | | | |
Angina | 1 416 (17.5) | 6 088 (25.7) | < 0.001 |
Acute coronary syndrome | 1 448 (17.9) | 6 040 (25.5) | < 0.001 |
Pulmonary edema | 1 384 (17.1) | 7 201 (30.4) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 3 495 (43.2) | 11 299 (47.7) | < 0.001 |
Stroke | 930 (11.5) | 3 908 (16.5) | < 0.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 1 246 (15.4) | 5 353 (22.6) | < 0.001 |
Malignancy | 752 (9.3) | 3 600 (15.2) | < 0.001 |
Lung disease | 615 (7.6) | 3 340 (14.1) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension medications | 7 217 (89.2) | 20 181 (85.2) | < 0.001 |
Current smoker | 955 (11.8) | 3 174 (13.4) | < 0.001 |
Coronary artery bypass graft | 971 (12.0) | 3 908 (16.5) | < 0.001 |
Serious illness | 761 (9.4) | 3 743 (15.8) | < 0.001 |
No. of comorbidities, mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 1.7 | 3.3 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 |
Cause of end-stage kidney disease, % | | | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 1 398 (17.3) | 4 815 (20.3) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 2 904 (35.9) | 8 533 (36.0) | |
Glomerulonephritis | 1 578 (19.5) | 3 486 (14.7) | |
Obstruction | 178 (2.2) | 640 (2.7) | |
Interstitial | 185 (2.3) | 616 (2.6) | |
Polycystic kidney disease | 499 (6.2) | 876 (3.7) | |
Other | 801 (9.9) | 2 561 (10.8) | |
Unknown | 548 (6.8) | 2 160 (9.1) | |
Hemoglobin, g/L, mean ± SD | 108.1 ± 16.5 | 100.4 ± 17.4 | < 0.001 |
Phosphate, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 1.82 ± 0.56 | 1.94 ± 0.69 | < 0.001 |
Distance to facility, median (IQR) | 15.6 (6.3–66.4) | 10.6 (4.6–44.2) | < 0.001 |
< 50 km | 5696 (70.4) | 18 192 (76.8) | < 0.001 |
50–150 km | 1440 (17.8) | 3 600 (15.2) | |
> 150 km | 955 (11.8) | 1 895 (8.0) | |
Geographic region† | | | < 0.001 |
Atlantic | 752 (9.3) | 2 392 (10.1) | |
Ontario | 4 313 (53.3) | 12 791 (54.0) | |
Prairies | 1 278 (15.8) | 4 832 (20.4) | |
British Columbia | 1 748 (21.6) | 3 672 (15.5) | |