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Research
Open Access

The burden of cancer among people living with HIV in Ontario, Canada, 1997–2020: a retrospective population-based cohort study using administrative health data

Ioana A. Nicolau, Tony Antoniou, Jennifer D. Brooks, Rahim Moineddin, Curtis Cooper, Michelle Cotterchio, Jennifer L. Gillis, Claire E. Kendall, Abigail E. Kroch, Joanne D. Lindsay, Colleen Price, Kate Salters, Marek Smieja and Ann N. Burchell
July 19, 2022 10 (3) E666-E674; DOI: https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20220012
Ioana A. Nicolau
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Tony Antoniou
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Jennifer D. Brooks
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Rahim Moineddin
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Curtis Cooper
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Michelle Cotterchio
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Jennifer L. Gillis
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Claire E. Kendall
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Abigail E. Kroch
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Joanne D. Lindsay
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Colleen Price
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Kate Salters
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Marek Smieja
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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Ann N. Burchell
Division of Epidemiology Toronto (Nicolau, Brooks, Cotterchio, Gillis, Burchell, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; ICES Central (Antoniou, Moineddin, Kendall, Burchell); Unity Health Toronto (Antoniou, Lindsay, Burchell), St Michael’s Hospital; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Moineddin, Burchell), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Cooper), Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (Cotterchio), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Gillis), School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Bruyère Research Institute (Kendall); ICES uOttawa (Kendall); Department of Family Medicine (Kendall), University of Ottawa; Institut du Savoir Montfort (Kendall); Clinical Epidemiology Program (Kendall), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Ontario HIV Treatment Network (Kroch), Toronto, Ont.; CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network — Chronic Pain and HIV Working Group (Price); British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (Salters), Vancouver, BC; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Smieja), McMaster University (Smieja), Hamilton, Ont.
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  • Figure 1:
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    Figure 1:

    Study flow chart.

  • Figure 2:
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    Figure 2:

    Age-standardized incidence per 100 000 person-years of first primary cancers among people with HIV, by calendar period and cancer category. Note: ADC = AIDS-defining cancer, CI = confidence interval, NADC = non-AIDS-defining cancer.

  • Figure 3:
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    Figure 3:

    Age-standardized incidence per 100 000 person-years of first primary cancers among people with HIV, by calendar period and sex. Note: CI = confidence interval.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    Distribution of baseline characteristics of adults living with HIV in Ontario, Canada, 1997–2020

    CharacteristicNo. (%) of participants*Standardized difference†
    Female
    n = 4109
    Male
    n = 15 294
    Total
    n = 19 403
    Age yr, median (IQR)35 (29–44)37 (30–44)36 (30–44)0.06
    Age category, yr
     18–291099 (26.7)3663 (24.0)4762 (24.5)0.06
     30–391496 (36.4)5659 (37.0)7155 (36.9)0.01
     40–49857 (20.9)3857 (25.2)4714 (24.3)0.10
     50–59382 (9.3)1540 (10.1)1922 (9.9)0.03
     60–69157 (3.8)419 (2.7)576 (3.0)0.06
     70–7967 (1.6)119 (0.8)186 (1.0)0.08
     ≥ 8051 (1.2)37 (0.2)88 (0.5)0.12
    Period of cohort entry
     1997–1999579 (14.1)2787 (18.2)3366 (17.3)0.11
     2000–2003642 (15.6)2296 (15.0)2938 (15.1)0.02
     2004–2007778 (18.9)2425 (15.9)3203 (16.5)0.08
     2008–2011728 (17.7)2444 (16.0)3172 (16.3)0.05
     2012–2015640 (15.6)2603 (17.0)3243 (16.7)0.04
     2016–2020742 (18.1)2739 (17.9)3481 (17.9)0.01
    Neighbourhood income quintile
     Missing24 (0.6)94 (0.6)118 (0.6)0
     1 (lowest)1845 (44.9)4661 (30.5)6506 (33.5)0.30
     2893 (21.7)3389 (22.2)4282 (22.1)0.01
     3573 (13.9)2600 (17.0)3173 (16.4)0.08
     4418 (10.2)2254 (14.7)2672 (13.8)0.14
     5 (highest)356 (8.7)2296 (15.0)2652 (13.7)0.20
    Rurality
     Missing13 (0.3)30 (0.2)43 (0.2)0.02
     Urban3949 (96.1)14703 (96.1)18652 (96.1)0
     Rural147 (3.6)561 (3.7)708 (3.6)0
    Region of birth
     Born in Canada2513 (61.2)11972 (78.3)14485 (74.7)0.38
     Immigrant born in a country with low HIV prevalence499 (12.1)2174 (14.2)2673 (13.8)0.06
     Immigrant born in a country with high HIV prevalence‡1097 (26.7)1148 (7.5)2245 (11.6)0.53
    Immigration status
     Long-term resident (Born in Canada or immigrated before 1986)2513 (61.2)11972 (78.3)14485 (74.7)0.38
     Long-term immigrant (≥ 10 yr in Canada)254 (6.2)1025 (6.7)1279 (6.6)0.02
     Recent immigrant to Canada (0–10 yr in Canada)776 (18.9)1664 (10.9)2440 (12.6)0.23
     Immigrated after HIV diagnosis566 (13.8)633 (4.1)1199 (6.2)0.34
    Comorbidity burden (number of CADGs)§
     Low (1–4 CADGs)1560 (38.0)6135 (40.1)7695 (39.7)0.04
     Moderate (5–9 CADGs)1422 (34.6)6619 (43.3)8041 (41.4)0.18
     High (10–12 CADGs)1127 (27.4)2540 (16.6)3667 (18.9)0.26
    RUB¶
     Low expected resource use (0–2 RUBs)1–5 (< 0.1)15–19 (< 0.1)200.01
     Moderate expected resource use (3 RUBs)2089 (50.8)8876 (58.0)10965 (56.5)0.14
     High expected resource use (4–5 RUBs)2015–2019 (49.1)6399–6403 (41.9)8418 (43.4)0.15
    • Note: CADG = collapsed Aggregated Diagnosis Groups, IQR = interquartile range, RUB = Resource Utilization Band.

    • ↵* Unless indicated otherwise. Ranges are shown to suppress small cell sizes.

    • ↵† More than 0.1 was considered a meaningful standardized difference.

    • ↵‡ Regions of Africa and the Caribbean were considered regions with high HIV prevalence.

    • ↵§ Comorbidity burden, based on type of illness in the 2 years preceding cohort entry, was assessed using the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Group System CADGs, with fewer than 5 CADGs indicating low burden, 5–9 CADGs indicating medium burden and 10–12 CADGs indicating high burden.

    • ↵¶ Expected health care use was assessed using the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Group RUBs, based on 6 categories, with 0 being no health care use and 5 being the highest expected use.

    • View popup
    Table 2:

    Incident primary cancers diagnosed among people with HIV in Ontario, Canada, 1997–2020

    VariableNo. (%) of incident cancers*
    Females
    n = 239
    Males
    n = 1036
    Total cohort
    n = 1275
    Infection-unrelated cancers153 (64.0)478 (46.1)631 (49.5)
    All infection-related cancers86 (36.0)558 (53.9)644 (50.5)
     ADCs57 (23.8)329 (31.8)386 (30.3)
     Infection-related NADCs29 (12.1)229 (22.1)258 (20.2)
    All NADCs (infection-unrelated and infection-related NADCs)182 (76.1)707 (68.2)889 (69.7)
    • Note: ADC = AIDS-defining cancer, NADC = non-AIDS defining cancer.

    • ↵* Column percentages do not sum to 100% as cancers can be in more than 1 category.

    • View popup
    Table 3:

    Two-, 5- and 10-year person-based prevalence of cancer as of end of follow-up (Nov. 1, 2020)

    VariableNo. of people diagnosed with cancerPrevalence, % (95% CI)
    2-year prevalence (cancers diagnosed since 2018)
     All cancers1390.8 (0.7–0.9)
     Infection-unrelated cancer910.5 (0.4–0.6)
     Infection-related cancer480.3 (0.2–0.4)
     Infection-related NADC260.2 (0.1–0.2)
     ADC220.1 (0.1–0.2)
    5-year prevalence (cancers diagnosed since 2015)
     All cancers3131.8 (1.6–2.0)
     Infection-unrelated cancer1971.2 (1.0–1.3)
     Infection-related cancer1160.7 (0.5–0.8)
     Infection-related NADC600.3 (0.3–0.4)
     ADC560.3 (0.2–0.4)
    10-year prevalence (cancers diagnosed since 2010)
     All cancers5103.0 (2.7–3.2)
     Infection-unrelated cancer2891.7 (1.5–1.9)
     Infection-related cancer2211.3 (1.1–1.5)
     Infection-related NADC1030.6 (0.5–0.7)
     ADC1180.7 (0.6–0.8)
    • Note: ADC = AIDS-defining cancer, CI = confidence interval, NADC = non-AIDS defining cancer.

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CMAJ Open: 10 (3)
Vol. 10, Issue 3
1 Jul 2022
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The burden of cancer among people living with HIV in Ontario, Canada, 1997–2020: a retrospective population-based cohort study using administrative health data
Ioana A. Nicolau, Tony Antoniou, Jennifer D. Brooks, Rahim Moineddin, Curtis Cooper, Michelle Cotterchio, Jennifer L. Gillis, Claire E. Kendall, Abigail E. Kroch, Joanne D. Lindsay, Colleen Price, Kate Salters, Marek Smieja, Ann N. Burchell
Jul 2022, 10 (3) E666-E674; DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20220012

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The burden of cancer among people living with HIV in Ontario, Canada, 1997–2020: a retrospective population-based cohort study using administrative health data
Ioana A. Nicolau, Tony Antoniou, Jennifer D. Brooks, Rahim Moineddin, Curtis Cooper, Michelle Cotterchio, Jennifer L. Gillis, Claire E. Kendall, Abigail E. Kroch, Joanne D. Lindsay, Colleen Price, Kate Salters, Marek Smieja, Ann N. Burchell
Jul 2022, 10 (3) E666-E674; DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20220012
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