Article Figures & Tables
Figures
- Figure 1:
The number of active family physicians (FPs) in Ontario, Canada, from 1992 to 2018, by sex. There was a small decrease from 2017 to 2018. This was likely owing to our use of the ICES Physician Database, which had not been updated past 2017 at the time the data were provided to the study team.
- Figure 2:
The proportion of (A) male and (B) female family physicians (FPs) working less than 1, 1, or more than 1 full-time equivalents (FTEs) in Ontario from 1992 to 2018.
- Figure 3:
Median payment of family physicians (FPs) in Ontario, Canada, from 1992 to 2018 by year, sex and full-time equivalent (FTE). (A) Overall; (B) less than 1 FTE; (C) 1 FTE; (D) more than 1 FTE.
- Figure 4:
Proportion of family physicians (FPs) with more than 50% of their payment from fee-for-service (FFS) in Ontario by year and full-time equivalent (FTE). (A) Overall; (B) less than 1 FTE; (C) 1 FTE; (D) more than 1 FTE.
- Figure 5:
(A) Median number of visits, (B) median number of patients and (C) median number of visits per patient for family physicians (FPs) who worked 1 full-time equivalent (FTE) in Ontario, Canada, by year and sex.
- Figure 6:
Predicted values from multilevel regression models. Models for (A) payment included sex, year, sex–year interaction, physician age, number of patient visits, number of distinct patients seen and number of visits per patient. Models for (B) patients, (C) visits and (D) visits per patient included sex, year, sex–year interaction, physician age and physician full-time equivalent. Values were estimated with variables at their mean. Note: FP = family physician.
Tables
- Table 1:
Demographic characteristics of family physicians in Ontario, Canada, from 1992 to 2018
Characteristic Mean ± SD Median (IQR) Range Overall No. of physicians 11631 ± 1487.2 10922 (10441–14748) 10191–14739 Age, yr 48.4 ± 2.33 49.4 (56.9–50.4) 43.6–50.8 Sex, female, % 35.3 ± 6.2 34.4 (29.8–40.8) 26.1–46.0 Female FPs No. of physicians 4193 ± 1289 3759 (3037–5198) 2722–6710 Age, yr 43.9 ± 2.4 44.9 (42.2–46.0) 38.9–46.8 Male FPs No. of physicians 7439 ± 309.0 7377 (7156–7711) 7094–8029 Age, yr 50.9 ± 2.9 51.8 (48.9–53.5) 45.3–53.9 Note: FP = family physician, IQR = interquartile range, SD = standard deviation.
Variable Payments, $ No. of patients No. of visits No. of visits per patient Estimate SE p value Estimate SE p value Estimate SE p value Estimate SE p value Female FPs v. male FPs* −11021.0 1721.4 < 0.0001 −494.4 18.0 < 0.0001 −986.1 36.0 < 0.0001 0.4 0.0 < 0.0001 Increase per year in male FPs 1992–2004 140.8 82.4 0.0876 27.7 0.8 < 0.0001 −2.7 1.6 0.0964 0.0 0.0 < 0.0001 2005–2013 18730.0 99.7 < 0.0001 −40.7 0.9 < 0.0001 −166.8 2.0 < 0.0001 0.0 0.0 < 0.0001 2014–2018 −9785.6 210.1 < 0.0001 −24.4 1.8 < 0.0001 −96.1 4.1 < 0.0001 −0.1 0.0 < 0.0001 Differences in slopes (increase per year) for female FPs v. male FPs 1992–2004 −10.1 133.4 0.9395 −0.5 1.1 0.6622 16.3 2.6 < 0.0001 0.0 0.0 0.6022 2005–2013 −5300.3 152.8 < 0.0001 17.7 1.3 < 0.0001 50.5 2.9 < 0.0001 0.0 0.0 0.3173 2014–2018 4866.0 318.6 < 0.0001 8.4 2.7 < 0.0001 37.8 6.1 < 0.0001 0.0 0.0 0.2625 Age, yr† 550.1 41.5 < 0.0001 −22.4 0.5 < 0.0001 −4.2 0.9 < 0.0001 0.1 0.0 < 0.0001 No. of visits† 28.5 0.1 < 0.0001 – – – – – – – – – No. of patients† 7.2 0.3 < 0.0001 – – – – – – – – – No. of visits per patient† 1136.1 96.8 < 0.0001 – – – – – – – – – FTE† – – – 1458.8 5.1 < 0.0001 5229.7 11.4 < 0.0001 1.4 0.0 < 0.0001
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