Article Figures & Tables
Figures
- Figure 1:
Selection of patients and hospitals.
- Figure 2:
Rate of early cholecystectomy across hospitals among (A) all included patients (n = 24 437 at 106 hospitals) and (B) young healthy patients (< 50 yr, in the lowest comorbidity quartile and with uncomplicated disease [without concurrent biliary tract obstruction or pancreatitis]; n = 2894 at 102 hospitals).
Tables
- Table 1: Multilevel multivariable logistic regression of the association between patient and hospital characteristics and undergoing early cholecystectomy (within 7 d of presentation to an emergency department)
Characteristic Adjusted OR (99% CI)* Patient Age, yr 18–35 Ref 36–50 0.92 (0.81–1.05) 51–65 0.69 (0.61–0.79) 66–80 0.46 (0.40–0.53) > 80 0.21 (0.18–0.25) Male sex 0.87 (0.80–0.95) Income quintile 1 (lowest) Ref 2 0.98 (0.87–1.10) 3 0.93 (0.82–1.05) 4 1.06 (0.94–1.21) 5 1.12 (0.98–1.27) Comorbidity index quartile 1 (lowest) Ref 2 0.90 (0.80–1.01) 3 0.89 (0.79–1.00) 4 0.67 (0.60–0.75) Common bile duct obstruction 0.41 (0.36–0.47) Pancreatitis 1.14 (0.94–1.37) Hospital Annual volume of acute cholecystitis admissions (quartile) 5–17 0.53 (0.35–0.78) 18–39 0.67 (0.52–0.87) 40–65 0.84 (0.72–0.97) 66–164 Ref After-hours operating room use† (quartile) 1 (lowest) 0.97 (0.72–1.30) 2 0.84 (0.66–1.07) 3 0.79 (0.64–0.97) 4 Ref Annual volume of elective cholecystectomies (quartile) 0–74 1.02 (0.63–1.63) 75–159 1.15 (0.82–1.60) 160–279 1.11 (0.91–1.35) 280–905 Ref Academic teaching hospital 0.71 (0.27–1.85) Note: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, Ref = reference. *All listed covariates were included in a multivariable model that also accounted for the nonindependence of patients admitted to the same hospital. †Ratio of total after-hours operative cases (for all surgical specialties) divided by the number of all-cause emergency department visits.
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