The propensity score—the probability of exposure to a specific treatment conditional on
observed variables—is increasingly being used in observational studies. Creating strata in …

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to systematically review and assess published estimates of the
cost of developing new drugs. METHODS: We sought English language research articles …

This study was performed to optimize the formulation of polymer–lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN)
for the delivery of an ionic water-soluble drug, verapamil hydrochloride (VRP) and to …

Background Every year in Ontario, the records of over 42 million prescriptions dispensed to
persons eligible for Ontario Drug Benefit (ODB) benefits are transmitted to a central database…

The cost of alternative dialysis modalities for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
was evaluated, using a societal viewpoint, in a regional nephrology program in south-…

Propensity score methods are increasingly being used to estimate causal treatment effects
in the medical literature. Conditioning on the propensity score results in unbiased estimation …

Rising pharmaceutical expenditures have led to the use of cost-sharing measures. The
authors undertook a systematic review of the effects of cost sharing on vulnerable populations (…

Background. The Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) is a comprehensive, compact health
status classification and health state preference system. The HUI3 system has been included …

We show the estimable rational addiction model tends to yield spurious evidence in favor of
the rational addiction hypothesis when aggregate data are used. Direct application of the …

Using recent Canadian health survey data, we investigate the effect of individuals’ socio-economic
status on their use of dental services and dental insurance coverage. Our results …