Constitutive activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) mitogen-activated
protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in human cancers is often associated with …

Changes of sea surface temperature (SST) in the subarctic NE Pacific over the last 16,000
calendar years before present (16 kyr BP) have been inferred from the study of C 37 alkenone …

Laboratory and radiographic tests are often ordered unnecessarily. This excess testing has
financial costs and is a burden on patients. We performed a systematic review to determine …

Pathology peer review verifies and improves the accuracy and quality of pathology
diagnoses and interpretations. Pathology peer review is recommended when important risk …

Background A small proportion of patients account for the majority of health care spending.
We used detailed clinical and administrative data to explore clinical characteristics, patterns …

INTRODUCTION: We have evaluated the ability of a semi-automated, optomotor reflex
method to assess drug-induced visual dysfunction, in albino and pigmented rats and mice. …

Columbia River megafloods occurred repeatedly during the last deglaciation, but the impacts
of this fresh water on Pacific hydrography are largely unknown. To reconstruct changes in …

We have examined the effects of the mitogenic growth factors platelet derived growth factor (PDGF),
basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and glial growth factor‐2 (GGF‐2) on …

The NO‐cGMP pathway has emerged as a neuroprotective signaling system involved in
communication between neurons and glia. We have previously shown that axotomy or nerve …

Rationale Stable oxygen isotope ratios (δ 18 O values) measured in fish otoliths can
provide valuable detailed information on fish life history, fish age determination, and ocean …