Background Methylxanthines reduce the frequency of apnea of prematurity and the need for
mechanical ventilation during the first seven days of therapy. It is uncertain whether …

Background Methylxanthine therapy is commonly used for apnea of prematurity but in the
absence of adequate data on its efficacy and safety. It is uncertain whether methylxanthines …

Background The prophylactic administration of indomethacin reduces the frequency of patent
ductus arteriosus and severe intraventricular hemorrhage in very-low-birth-weight infants (…

Context Very preterm infants are prone to apnea and have an increased risk of death or
disability. Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity reduces the rates of cerebral palsy and …

Importance The goal of oxygen therapy is to deliver sufficient oxygen to the tissues while
minimizing oxygen toxicity and oxidative stress. It remains uncertain what values of arterial …

Data from animal models indicate that neonatal stress or pain can permanently alter subsequent
behavioral and/or physiological reactivity to stressors. However, cumulative effects of …

Importance Extremely preterm infants may experience intermittent hypoxemia or bradycardia
for many weeks after birth. The prognosis of these events is uncertain. Objective To …

Objective. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) reduces the use of extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (ECMO)/incidence of death in term and near-term neonates with severe hypoxic …

… Asztalos MD 5 , Gillian Opie MD 6 , Aida Bairam PhD 7 , Alfonso Solimano MD 8 , Shmuel
… Roberts, MSc (McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada); Alfonso Solimano, MD (…

Importance Caffeine citrate therapy for apnea of prematurity reduces the rates of bronchopulmonary
dysplasia, severe retinopathy, and neurodevelopmental disability at 18 months and …