Patient outcomes during the pandemic period compared with control period
| Outcome | Adjusted OR or HR (95% CI)* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appendicitis† | Ectopic pregnancy‡ | Renal failure† | Diabetic ketoacidosis† | Cellulitis† | |
| Ambulance arrival | 1.47 (1.35–1.61) | 1.41 (1.16–1.71) | 1.22 (1.11–1.33) | 1.27 (1.17–1.38) | 1.19 (1.15–1.25) |
| Hospital admission | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) | 1.06 (0.96–1.17) | 1.14 (1.04–1.24) | 1.11 (0.97–1.27) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) |
| Surgery | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) | 1.27 (1.04–1.55) | – | – | – |
| Hospital admission within 30 d of discharge | 1.13 (1.00–1.24) | 0.92 (0.79–1.08) | 0.92 (0.84–1.00) | 1.05 (0.93–1.18) | 0.97 (0.93–1.01) |
| 30-d mortality§ | – | – | 1.17 (1.04–1.31) | 1.15 (0.91–1.46) | 1.03 (0.91–1.16) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, HR = hazard ratio, OR = odds ratio.
↵* Odds ratios were calculated for ambulance arrival, hospital admission, surgery and 30-day mortality; hazard ratios were calculated for hospital admission within 30 days of discharge from the emergency department or hospital.
↵† Adjusted for demographics, comorbidities and emergency department characteristics.
↵‡ Adjusted for demographics, comorbidities and emergency department characteristics, except coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, cancer, stroke, liver failure, renal failure
↵§ For appendicitis and ectopic pregnancy, too few outcomes overall or in 1 category to run model.